Extensive sampling of basidiomycete genomes demonstrates inadequacy of the white-rot/brown-rot paradigm for wood decay fungi
Fecha
2014Autor
Versión
Acceso abierto / Sarbide irekia
Tipo
Artículo / Artikulua
Versión
Versión publicada / Argitaratu den bertsioa
Impacto
|
10.1073/pnas.1400592111
Resumen
Basidiomycota (basidiomycetes) make up 32% of the described
fungi and include most wood-decaying species, as well as pathogens
and mutualistic symbionts. Wood-decaying basidiomycetes
have typically been classified as either white rot or brown rot,
based on the ability (in white rot only) to degrade lignin along
with cellulose and hemicellulose. Prior genomic comparisons suggested
that the two dec ...
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Basidiomycota (basidiomycetes) make up 32% of the described
fungi and include most wood-decaying species, as well as pathogens
and mutualistic symbionts. Wood-decaying basidiomycetes
have typically been classified as either white rot or brown rot,
based on the ability (in white rot only) to degrade lignin along
with cellulose and hemicellulose. Prior genomic comparisons suggested
that the two decay modes can be distinguished based on
the presence or absence of ligninolytic class II peroxidases (PODs),
as well as the abundance of enzymes acting directly on crystalline
cellulose (reduced in brown rot). To assess the generality of the
white-rot/brown-rot classification paradigm, we compared the genomes
of 33 basidiomycetes, including four newly sequenced wood
decayers, and performed phylogenetically informed principal-components
analysis (PCA) of a broad range of gene families encoding
plant biomass-degrading enzymes. The newly sequenced Botryobasidium
botryosum and Jaapia argillacea genomes lack PODs but
possess diverse enzymes acting on crystalline cellulose, and they
group close to the model white-rot species Phanerochaete chrysosporium
in the PCA. Furthermore, laboratory assays showed that
both B. botryosum and J. argillacea can degrade all polymeric components
of woody plant cell walls, a characteristic of white rot. We
also found expansions in reducing polyketide synthase genes specific
to the brown-rot fungi. Our results suggest a continuum rather
than a dichotomy between the white-rot and brown-rot modes of
wood decay. A more nuanced categorization of rot types is needed,
based on an improved understanding of the genomics and biochemistry
of wood decay. [--]
Materias
Lignocellulose,
Phylogenomics,
Bioenergy
Editor
National Academy of Sciences
Publicado en
PNAS July 8, 2014 111 (27) 9923-9928
Departamento
Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Producción Agraria /
Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Nekazaritza Ekoizpena Saila
Versión del editor
Entidades Financiadoras
The work conducted by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Genome Institute is supported by the
Office of Science of the DOE under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. J.D.W.
and D.J. were supported by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(DOE Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research Contract
DE-FC02-07ER64494).