Fungal diversity adds value to biotechnology and agriculture
Fecha
2006Autor
Versión
Acceso abierto / Sarbide irekia
Tipo
Contribución a congreso / Biltzarrerako ekarpena
Versión
Versión publicada / Argitaratu den bertsioa
Impacto
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nodoi-noplumx
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Resumen
Mediterranean countries host rich biological diversity (genetic, population,
species, habitats, communities, ecosystems). Until recently research on the
fungal diversity was focusing relatively more on phytopathogenic fungi, invertebrate
parasites, and saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal mushrooms (Pezizales,
higher Basidiomycetes). For higher Basidiomycetes in particular, detailed
inventories and c ...
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Mediterranean countries host rich biological diversity (genetic, population,
species, habitats, communities, ecosystems). Until recently research on the
fungal diversity was focusing relatively more on phytopathogenic fungi, invertebrate
parasites, and saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal mushrooms (Pezizales,
higher Basidiomycetes). For higher Basidiomycetes in particular, detailed
inventories and check-lists have been compiled in many western
European countries. In the Mediterranean region, however, pertinent data
are limited and fragmentary; only recently new information has started to accumulate.
Indicative is the case of Greece, where selected ecosystems are
studied in respect to their macromycetes diversity, revealing the existence of
taxa with significant ecological and economic interest. Prerequisites for the
exploitation of biological resources (incl. fungi) is the availability of a large
number of individuals with a wide genetic basis, which are correctly identified
and suitably evaluated. For example, elucidating taxonomy and clarifying
phylogenetic relationships among Pleurotus species has contributed significantly
to their widespread use. Large-scale applications related directly
(or indirectly) with mushroom resources and their exploitation include the
edible mushroom industry, production of medicinal and health-promoting
factors, improvement of soil fertility, remediation of soils, enhanced plant
growth, suppressiveness of soil-borne pathogens of plants, animal feed,
transformation of xenobiotics and antibiotics, biosorption of toxic elements,
decolorization of organic pollutants, degradation of industrial and agroforestry
wastes, etc. Particular emphasis is given to the upgrade of lignocellulosic
wastes and residues through their detoxification and biotransformation
into value-added products; among them, soil conditioners and fertilizers
generated from spent mushroom substrates conform with the much-sought
notion of sustainability in agriculture. [--]
Materias
Fungal diversity
Editor
Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Publicado en
Antonio G. Pisabarro and Lucía Ramírez (eds.): VI Meeting on Genetics and Cellular Biology of Basidiomycetes (GCBB-VI). Pamplona: Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, 2006.
Notas
Resumen de la conferencia presentada al VI Meeting on Genetics and Cellular Biology of Basidiomycetes (GCBB-VI), organizado por y celebrado en la Universidad Pública de Navarra el 3-6 de junio de 2005.