IMAB - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology
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Browsing IMAB - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology by Department/Institute "Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika"
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Publication Open Access Medicago sativa and Medicago truncatula show contrasting root metabolic responses to drought(Frontiers Media, 2021) Echeverría Obanos, Andrés; Larrainzar Rodríguez, Estíbaliz; Li, Weiqiang; Watanabe, Yasuko; Sato, Muneo; Tran, Cuong Duy; Moler Cuiral, José Antonio; Hirai, Masami; Sawada, Yuji; Tran, Lam-Son; González García, Esther; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaDrought is an environmental stressor that affects crop yield worldwide. Understandingplant physiological responses to stress conditions is needed to secure food in futureclimate conditions. In this study, we applied a combination of plant physiology andmetabolomic techniques to understand plant responses to progressive water deficitfocusing on the root system. We chose two legume plants with contrasting toleranceto drought, the widely cultivated alfalfa Medicago sativa (Ms) and the model legume Medicago truncatula (Mt) for comparative analysis. Ms taproot (tapR) and Mt fibrous root (fibR) biomass increased during drought, while a progressive decline in wáter content was observed in both species. Metabolomic analysis allowed the identificationof key metabolites in the different tissues tested. Under drought, carbohydrates, abscisic acid, and proline predominantly accumulated in leaves and tapRs, whereas flavonoids increased in fibRs in both species. Raffinose-family related metabolites accumulated during drought. Along with an accumulation of root sucrose in plants subjected to drought, both species showed a decrease in sucrose synthase (SUS) activity related to a reduction in the transcript level of SUS1, the main SUS gene. This study highlights the relevance of root carbon metabolism during drought conditions and provides evidence on the specific accumulation of metabolites throughout the root system.Publication Open Access Plant ammonium sensitivity is associated with external pH adaptation, repertoire of nitrogen transporters, and nitrogen requirement(Oxford University Press, 2024-03-11) Rivero Marcos, Mikel; Lasa Larrea, Berta; Neves, Tomé; Zamarreño, Ángel M.; García Mina, José M.; García Olaverri, Carmen; Aparicio Tejo, Pedro María; Cruz, Cristina; Ariz Arnedo, Idoia; Ciencias; Zientziak; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Universidad Publica de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako GobernuaModern crops exhibit diverse sensitivities to ammonium as the primary nitrogen source, influenced by environmental factors such as external pH and nutrient availability. Despite its significance, there is currently no systematic classification of plant species based on their ammonium sensitivity. We conducted a meta-analysis of 50 plant species and present a new classification method based on the comparison of fresh biomass obtained under ammonium and nitrate nutrition. The classification uses the natural logarithm of the biomass ratio as the size effect indicator of ammonium sensitivity. This numerical parameter is associated with critical factors for nitrogen demand and form preference, such as Ellenberg indicators and the repertoire of nitrogen transporters for ammonium and nitrate uptake. Finally, a comparative analysis of the developmental and metabolic responses, including hormonal balance, is conducted in two species with divergent ammonium sensitivity values in the classification. Results indicate that nitrate has a key role in counteracting ammonium toxicity in species with a higher abundance of genes encoding NRT2-type proteins and fewer of those encoding the AMT2-type proteins. Additionally, the study demonstrates the reliability of the phytohormone balance and methylglyoxal content as indicators for anticipating ammonium toxicity. This study emphasizes the importance of ecophysiological requirements and the repertoire of nitrogen transporters in understanding plant sensitivity to ammonium, and enhances our knowledge of plant nitrogen nutrition.Publication Open Access Vegetable waste extracts as enhancers of baculovirus infections(Elsevier, 2023) Martínez Inda, Blanca; Simón de Goñi, Oihane; Jiménez Moreno, Nerea; Esparza Catalán, Irene; Moler Cuiral, José Antonio; Caballero Murillo, Primitivo; Ancín Azpilicueta, Carmen; Ciencias; Zientziak; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2Vegetable waste extracts (VWE) contain a great variety of antioxidants such as polyphenols, which have shown to potentiate baculovirus infections, making them ingredients for pest control ingredients. In the present study, the mortality enhancement of different vegetable extracts obtained from food residues when combined with baculoviruses was evaluated. Extracts from spent coffee (E2), rosehip (E17), asparagus (E28), artichoke (E29), beet stalks (E32) and banana peel (E37) were selected as they increased mortality of Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliNPV) in second instar S. littoralis larvae, when comparing with the virus inoculation alone. Extracts were assayed at 1 % w/v. In S. littoralis-SpliNPV system, the selected extracts reduced the median lethal concentration (LC50) of SpliNPV against second instar larvae. The E37 extract presented the highest potentiation, as it reduced the LC50 13.61 times, while the rest of the extracts presented LC50 reductions from 3.71 to 7.72-fold. In Spodoptera exigua-SeMNPV (Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus) system, none of the extracts decreased the LC50 of SeMNPV. In contrast, in Spodoptera frugiperda-SfMNPV (Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus) system, E2 showed the greatest potentiating effect. In the heterologous systems, none of the extracts tested increased the effective host range of SfMNPV, AcMNPV (Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus), and MbMNPV (Mamestra brassicae multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus) in second instar S. littoralis larvae. Thus, the viral enhancing effect of VWE was host-pathogen and instar dependent. However, the potentiation effect of the extracts could not be directly related with the antioxidants content of the extracts.