Open Access
¿Jóvenes productor*s de cultura visual? Reflexiones en torno a los resultados de un cuestionario
(Pamiela - Edarte, 2012) Agirre Arriaga, Imanol; Arriaga Azkarate, Amaia; Marcellán Baraze, Idoia; Olaiz Soto, Ilargi; Calvelhe Panizo, Lander; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
This article presents the first analysed data from the research project “Youth as Visual Culture Producers: Artistic Skills and Savoir in Secondary Education” financed by the Spanish Innovation and Science Ministry (EDU2009-13712). The data has been gathered using a questionnaire that was answered by 786 teenagers, ages 15 to 19, from schools all around Spain. The questions were designed to get information about three different aspects: - Which is the general picture of the Youth as Visual Culture producer? - Which are the circumstances in which their Visual Culture production takes place and how do they value them? - Which is the connection between school learning and their Visual Culture production? We have found that an overwhelming majority of the inquired teenagers uses photography and very few are into graffiti, comic or web designing despite these have been commonly understood to be youth’s interests. Most of them inform that the origin of their images relays always or very often on their imagination and very few on media images. This is surprising as photography is the main activity of the majority and is used as a way of sharing and keeping record of their everyday lives. In addition we found that non-formal contexts are mostly where they start producing images, usually among friends but unaware of collaborative learning. The main hypothesis underneath the project was also confirmed: secondary education does not take into account how teenagers are connecting with savoirs in and outside school, particularly those involving artistic skills and aesthetic experiences (Birbili, 2005; Hargreaves, Earl and Ryan, 1998). And a new insight has been added: teenagers do not expect any encouragement or interest from their teachers and some of them think it is better that way.
Open Access
Primeras reflexiones y conjeturas sobre la relación de l@s jóvenes no heterosexuales con la cultura visual y su papel como productor@s: el caso de GaPablo
(Pamiela - Edarte, 2012) Calvelhe Panizo, Lander; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
This article is a first contribution from the Ph.D. project “Young People as Visual Culture Producers Among Affective, Sexual and Gender Diversity: Saviors, Experiences and Identity Politics”. The main aim of the research is to explore how young people, who are questioning heteronormativity (Warner, 1991) by their sexual orientation and/or gender identity, are consuming and producing Visual Culture (Dikovitskaya, 2005; Hernández, 2004) and which roles this activities are playing in coping with their everyday lives, particularly in school. In this framework, the following pages provide a significant group of abductions (Sebeok & y Umiker-Sebeok, 1987) gathered up a long a pilot experience of collaboration with GaPablo –nick name–, a 16 years old teenager self-identified as gay. After having launched a social club for LGTB teenagers and friends last October 2011 in the Youth Center of Pamplona (rainbowtaldea.blogspot.com), Internet interaction with him started and eventually an interview was set up. This first meeting drawed out valuable issues on GaPablo’s family views on homosexuality, the importance of his blog/vlog and some insights of what Lady Gaga means to him. He agreed with the key ideas of this article concerning him and also to meet again for a second part of this in-depth and creative interview (Douglas, 1985). From a constructivist standpoint (Guba & Lincoln, 1994) and very close to post-structural feminism (Haraway, 1995; hooks, 2003), this research project aims to become useful to school professionals and other learning communities alike. Therefore, this article concludes with three suggestions to develop a Cultural Pedagogy (Steingberg, 2011) which would acknowledge affective, sexual and gender diversity: adjudging which and how sexuality and gender are been taught in schools mostly by the hidden curriculum, opening school culture to this diversities which students already know about probably by the media, and addressing from a critical perspective the LGTB people represented in mainstream culture by focusing on how students are challenging these stereotypes. This Ph.D. project is possible thanks to a scholarship and its relationship with the research project “Youth as Visual Culture Producers: Artistic Skills and Savoir in Secondary Education” (EDU2009-13712) financed by the Spanish Innovation and Science Ministry.
Open Access
Adolescentes gays y cultura visual: experiencias, usos y contextos. Implicaciones educativas
(2016) Calvelhe Panizo, Lander; Agirre Arriaga, Imanol; Coll-Planas, Gerard; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
Esta tesis doctoral tiene como objeto de estudio los procesos de auto-identificación y primeras socializaciones como gays de doce chicos (de entre los 14 y los 19 años) en relación a sus experiencias estéticas y usos de los medios de comunicación e Internet en tanto que cultura visual. Además ofrece una comparativa intergeneracional sobre las mismas cuestiones al contar con los recuerdos de juventud de cuatro adultos igualmente gays (de entre 44 y 49 años). Cada uno de los participantes fue entrevistado individualmente, siguiendo un mismo guión semi-estructuradado en encuentros que tuvieron una duración media de hora y veinte minutos y que se llevaron a cabo a lo largo del año 2013 en Pamplona (Navarra). Teniendo en cuenta las contribuciones del feminismo post-estructuralista, el estudio parte de subrayar que los primeros indicios que tuvieron los adolescentes de la existencia de la homosexualidad fueron por cuestiones de género y en relación a la injuria/estigma inter/trans/homófoba – en muchos casos en forma de insultos dirigidos a ellos mismos en espacios escolares. Así los recuerdos de sus recientes infancias y primeros años de adolescencia nos informan de cómo aprendieron a rechazar y temer a la homosexualidad mientras que, eventualmente y en gran parte gracias a los medios de comunicación e Internet, cada uno de ellos fue entendiendo que auto-identificarse y socializarse como gay era una posibilidad legítima. Durante aquellos procesos los adolescentes vivieron experiencias de lo que se denomina gay-media-affiliations. Algunas de éstas eran de identificación positiva con personajes de ficción y figuras populares abiertamente gays. Otras estuvieron marcadas por distintos grados de distanciamiento, especialmente hacia aquellos representados/percibidos como marginales – lo que solía depender de la edad de los adolescentes y de las características de sus contextos de recepción. Por otro lado también describieron formas de evasión a través del ocio y las redes sociales, normalmente en periodos críticos y en torno al fenómeno fan de las divas, que igualmente les ofrecieron afiliaciones anónimas con otros gays, o posibles gays. Respecto a las implicaciones educativas de estos resultados la presente tesis finaliza ofreciendo cinco focos de interés y sensibilidad que buscan conciliar los discursos anti-bullying y a favor de la inclusión, y los que llaman a la transformación queer de la escuela como institución.

Calvelhe Panizo, Lander

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