Rubio Varas, María del Mar

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https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/49912

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Rubio Varas

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María del Mar

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Economía

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INARBE. Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics

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0000-0002-8100-2651

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88717

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8666

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2016 - 20182
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Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article × Subject: Energy efficiency ×

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Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Machines and energy. Energy capital ratios in Europe and Latin America 1875 - 1970'
    (Taylor & Francis, 2018) Ducoing Ruiz, Cristián; Gales, Ben; Hölsgens, Rick; Rubio Varas, María del Mar; Ekonomia; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Economía
    The relationship between energy and capital is one of the most important aspects of modern economic growth. Machines need energy to produce all the goods we enjoy; energy would be far less useful for humankind in absence of machines. However, the great majority of the economic models do not take into account the elasticities of substitution (or complementaries) between these two main variables. Actually, energy is absent in many growth models and discussions on diverging economic development paths. We approach this relevant issue from a new perspective: energy and capital relations during 100 years. We use the latest estimations of capital stock (machinery and equipment) and energy consumption for Latin America and compare them with those of Western Europe. The energy–capital ratio (how much energy is used per unit of capital) could be a predictor of economic growth, thus providing stylised facts about the timing and causes of the different modernisation patterns of these regions and showing us some answers on the long-run relationship between energy consumption and capital accumulation.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Energy and economic growth: the stylized facts
    (IAEE, 2016) Csereklyei, Zsuzsanna; Rubio Varas, María del Mar; Stern, David I.; Economía; Ekonomia
    We summarize what we know about energy and economic growth in a set of stylized facts. We combine analysis of a panel data set of 99 countries from 1971 to 2010 with analysis of some longer run historical data. Our key result is that over the last 40 years there has been a stable cross-sectional relationship between per capita energy use and income per capita with an elasticity of energy use with respect to income of less than unity. This implies that energy intensity has tended to decrease in countries that have become richer but not in others. We also find that over the last two centuries there has been convergence in energy intensity towards the current distribution, per capita energy use has tended to rise and energy quality to increase, and, though evidence is limited, the cost share of energy has declined.