Rubio Varas, María del Mar

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https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/49912

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Rubio Varas

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María del Mar

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Economía

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INARBE. Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics

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0000-0002-8100-2651

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88717

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8666

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2015 - 20172
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Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper ×

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Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
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    PublicationOpen Access
    La financiación exterior del desarrollo industrial español a través del IEME
    (Banco de España, 2015) Rubio Varas, María del Mar; Torre Campo, Joseba de la; Economía; Ekonomia
    El objetivo central del trabajo es, en primer lugar, reconstruir las grandes cifras del capital exterior que contribuyó a la financiación del desarrollo industrial de España entre 1950 y 1982; y, en segundo lugar, estudiar la vertiente financiera de las inversiones que las grandes empresas nacionales y extranjeras practicaron en dos sectores estratégicos a lo largo de ese período: el sector eléctrico y la industria del automóvil.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    200 years diversifying the energy mix? Diversification paths of the energy baskets of European early comers vs. latecomers
    (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 2017) Rubio Varas, María del Mar; Muñoz Delgado, Beatriz; Economía; Ekonomia
    The changes in the composition of the energy basket in the long run lead to energy transitions. Primary energy substitution models allow addressing these phenomena. However, the diversification paths of the energy mix of different countries in a long term compared perspective have not been studied yet. This paper proposes an indicator, based on the Herfindahl‐Hirschman Index, the Energy Mix Concentration Index (EMCI), to quantify the degree of diversification of the primary energy basket of eight European countries over the last two centuries. The results reveal that early comers, which are large energy consumers, required a huge concentration of their energy basket in the 19th century; however, the observed countries had converged to similar levels of diversification of their energy mixes from the second half of the 20th century, and more crucially after the oil crises. For some countries, today’s degree of diversification is the largest in their energy histories, but it is not the case for all of them. Our results suggest that small energy consuming countries would be able to achieve higher diversification, and therefore to do a faster transition to a low carbón economy, than large energy consumers.