Torregrosa Hetland, Sara

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Torregrosa Hetland

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Sara

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Economía

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INARBE. Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • PublicationOpen Access
    Limits to redistribution in late democratic transitions: the case of Spain
    (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018) Torregrosa Hetland, Sara; Economía; Ekonomia
    This chapter reviews the experience of one country from the European periphery, Spain, in the period 1960 to 1990. It addresses the possibilities to build up an operative welfare state after recent democratization¿past the golden age of economic growth in Western economies, and during the second globalization. The new context made it difficult to develop determined redistributive policies where they had been absent before. Economic distress, increasing capital mobility, and new tax ideas challenged the chances of progressive taxation. Furthermore, the recent dictatorship cast long-lasting shadows in the new representative institutions. This study of the Spanish experience is thus an analysis of time-specific and polity-specific constraints on redistribution, which other new democracies might have faced or could encounter in the near future.
  • PublicationOpen Access
    Did democracy bring redistribution? Insights from the Spanish tax system, 1960-90
    (Oxford University Press, 2015) Torregrosa Hetland, Sara; Economía; Ekonomia; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
    The relationship between democracy, inequality, and redistribution has inspired extensive research, but consensus is still elusive. In order to contribute to this discussion, the author analyzes the Spanish case, where transition to democracy was accompanied by a comprehensive tax reform, aiming at increasing progressivity and revenue. But how effectively did it change the distribution of the tax burden? Was there a “fiscal revolution”? The results show that persistent regressivity (albeit decreasing) exacerbated income inequality, failing to attain convergence with more developed countries. The joint effect of the fiscal system, however, was slightly positive due to progressive social spending.
  • PublicationOpen Access
    Growth, inequality and extraction in Ibero-American democratizations
    (2017) Ducoing Ruiz, Cristián; Torregrosa Hetland, Sara
    Will democracy improve the distribution of economic welfare? Do dictatorships leave long-run legacies behind? In this paper we explore four Ibero-American countries with some common historical traits, but also different contexts: Spain, Portugal, Brazil, and Chile. The two Iberian nations suffered long periods of autocratic regime in the 20th Century, while our south American cases had relatively later and shorter dictatorships. We intend to assess the extent to which democratization brought about improvements in societal welfare, combining indicators of inequality and economic performance. We propose the applicability of the concept of Inequality Extraction Ratio, initially suggested for ancient societies but adapted by Milanovic (2013b) to the analysis of contemporary economies. Our hypothesis is that democratizations, while probably not able to achieve reductions in inequality, could have promoted decreases in relative extraction.