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Rapún Araiz, Beatriz

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https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/49826

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Rapún Araiz

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Beatriz

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Producción Agraria

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0000-0002-3077-810X

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811068

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Author: Fernández Calvet, Ariadna ×

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    PublicationOpen Access
    In vitro modeling of polyclonal infection dynamics within the human airways by Haemophilus influenzae differential fluorescent labeling
    (American Society for Microbiology, 2023) Rapún Araiz, Beatriz; Sorzabal-Bellido, Ioritz; Asensio López, Javier; Lázaro-Díez, María; Ariz Galilea, Mikel; Sobejano de la Merced, Carlos; Euba, Begoña; Fernández Calvet, Ariadna; Cortés Domínguez, Iván; Burgui Erice, Saioa; Toledo Arana, Alejandro; Ortiz de Solórzano, Carlos; Garmendia García, Juncal; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
    Standardized clinical procedures for antibiotic administration rely on pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing, often performed on single-colony bacterial isolates. For respiratory pathogens, this could be questionable, as chronic patients may be persistently colonized by multiple clones or lineages from the same bacterial pathogen species. Indeed, multiple strains of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, with different antibiotic susceptibility profiles, can be co-isolated from cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease sputum specimens. Despite this clinical evidence, we lack information about the dynamics of H. influenzae polyclonal infections, which limits the optimization of therapeutics. Here, we present the engineering and validation of a plasmid toolkit (pTBH, toolbox for Haemophilus), with standardized modules consisting of six reporter genes for fluorescent or bioluminescent labeling of H. influenzae. This plasmid set was independently introduced in a panel of genomically and phenotypically different H. influenzae strains, and two of them were used as a proof of principle to analyze mixed biofilm growth architecture and antibiotic efficacy, and to visualize the dynamics of alveolar epithelial co-infection. The mixed biofilms showed a bilayer architecture, and antibiotic efficacy correlated with the antibiotic susceptibility of the respective single-species strains. Furthermore, differential kinetics of bacterial intracellular location within subcellular acidic compartments were quantified upon co-infection of cultured airway epithelial cells. Overall, we present a panel of novel plasmid tools and quantitative image analysis methods with the potential to be used in a whole range of bacterial host species, assay types, and¿or conditions and generate meaningful information for clinically relevant settings.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Imipenem heteroresistance but not tolerance in Haemophilus influenzae during chronic lung infection associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    (Frontiers Media, 2023) Gil Campillo, Celia; González-Díaz, Aida; Rapún Araiz, Beatriz; Iriarte-Elizaintzin, Oihane; Elizalde Gutiérrez, Iris; Fernández Calvet, Ariadna; Lázaro-Díez, María; Martí, Sara; Garmendia García, Juncal; Ciencias; Zientziak; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB
    Antibiotic resistance is a major Public Health challenge worldwide. Mechanisms other than resistance are described as contributors to therapeutic failure. These include heteroresistance and tolerance, which escape the standardized procedures used for antibiotic treatment decision-making as they do not involve changes in minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Haemophilus influenzae causes chronic respiratory infection and is associated with exacerbations suffered by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Although resistance to imipenem is rare in this bacterial species, heteroresistance has been reported, and antibiotic tolerance cannot be excluded. Moreover, development of antibiotic heteroresistance or tolerance during within-host H. influenzae pathoadaptive evolution is currently unknown. In this study, we assessed imipenem resistance, heteroresistance and tolerance in a previously sequenced longitudinal collection of H. influenzae COPD respiratory isolates. The use of Etest, disc diffusion, population analysis profiling, tolerance disc (TD)-test methods, and susceptibility breakpoint criteria when available, showed a significant proportion of imipenem heteroresistance with differences in terms of degree among strains, absence of imipenem tolerance, and no specific trends among serial and clonally related strains could be established. Analysis of allelic variation in the ftsI, acrA, acrB, and acrR genes rendered a panel of polymorphisms only found in heteroresistant strains, but gene expression and genome-wide analyses did not show clear genetic traits linked to heteroresistance. In summary, a significant proportion of imipenem heteroresistance was observed among H. influenzae strains isolated from COPD respiratory samples over time. These data should be useful for making more accurate clinical recommendations to COPD patients.