Eugui Arrizabalaga, Daniel
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Eugui Arrizabalaga
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Daniel
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Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación
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Publication Open Access Endophytic fungi as direct plant growth promoters for sustainable agricultural production(Springer, 2021) Poveda Arias, Jorge; Eugui Arrizabalaga, Daniel; Abril Urías, Patricia; Velasco, Pablo; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMABCurrent rates of population growth require the development of new agricultural strategies to feed the world human and livestock. The massive use of agricultural chemicals causes serious damage to the environment, and to human and animal health. For this reason, the use of endophytic fungi represents a biological alternative in increasing agricultural productivity in a sustainable way. This group of microorganisms, which inhabit plant tissues and organs without causing symptoms of damage, includes a great diversity of filamentous fungi and yeasts that are capable of increasing agricultural productivity. Some of the mechanisms involved in promoting plant growth by means of endophytic fungi include the increasing access to nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, iron, etc.), production of plant hormones, the ethylene amount reduction, or increase in water acquisition rate. This review tries to compile all the works carried out in the last decades on endophytic fungi use as plant growth promoters with great potential in agriculture.Publication Open Access Glucosinolate-extracts from residues of conventional and organic cultivated broccoli leaves (brassica oleracea var. italica) as potential industrially-scalable efficient biopesticides against fungi, oomycetes and plant parasitic nematodes(Elsevier, 2023) Eugui Arrizabalaga, Daniel; Velasco, Pablo; Abril Urías, Patricia; Escobar, Carolina; Gómez-Torres, Óscar; Caballero, Sara; Poveda Arias, Jorge; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta ElikaduraThis study aimed to standarize a protocol for obtaining a bioactive extract from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) crop residues, that is suitable for application on an industrial scale and effective in reducing plant disease incidence. For this purpose, the influence of several extraction factors in the glucosinolate (GSL) content was studied with leaves collected from two conventional broccoli fields and two organic broccoli fields. The analysis showed that lyophilization had no influence on the GSL content. Storage of plant material under two different temperatures (− 20ºC and − 80ºC) had no influence on the GSLs content of the extracts. Phytotoxicity of the extracts was studied with six different plant seeds, and also cytotoxicity was determined with human liver cells in vitro. The extracts were phytotoxic at dilutions above 10%, while cell toxicity was low. Extracts concentrations of 0.1%, 1% and 2% were tested in vitro against eight plant pathogenic fungi and two oomycetes in solid and in liquid media. The extracts reduced the growth of several plant pathogenic fungi at 2% dilution by up to 38.37% against Alternaria alternata and up to 46.55% against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. When combined with myrosinase enzyme the effect of the extracts was enhanced, reaching inhibition values of 67.06% against A. alternata in solid medium and 68.52% against Rhizoctonia solani in liquid medium. In contrast, the same extracts increased the growth of the plant pathogenic oomycetes Pythium ultimum and Phytophthora cactorum. The effect of the same extracts in the free leaving larvae, J2s, of the plant-parasitic nematode (PPN) Meloidogyne javanica was not obvious. Minor significant differences were obtained but with no clear dose-response in nematode mortality, and no inhibition of eggs hatching was observed. These results show the industrial potential of using broccoli residues to obtain extracts with biopesticide activity against plant pathogenic fungi.