Rodríguez Lorenzana, Alberto
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Rodríguez Lorenzana
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Alberto
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Ciencias de la Salud
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Publication Open Access Behavioral and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and depression in patients under epidemiological surveillance for COVID-19 in Ecuador(Public Library of Science, 2020) Paz, Clara; Mascialino, Guido; Adana Díaz, Lila; Rodríguez Lorenzana, Alberto; Simbaña-Rivera, Katherine; Gómez-Barreno, Lenin; Troya, Maritza; Páez, María Ignacia; Cárdenas, Javier; Gerstner, Rebekka M.; Ortiz-Prado, Esteban; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun ZientziakEcuador has been one of the most affected countries by the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, by April 2020 this country presented the highest rates of mortality in Latin America. The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic variables associated with the mental health status of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients who were part of the epidemiological surveillance program in Ecuador that included mandatory confinement and self-isolation. A cross-sectional study was performed from March 22th to April 18th, 2020 using an online survey. The survey collected socio-demographic information and severity of depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. A total of 759 patients completed the questionnaire, 20.3% presented moderate to severe symptoms of depression and 22.5% moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. Being a woman and from the Coastal region were risk factors. Exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to an hour was associated with better mental health. Regression analysis indicated that the mentioned behaviors explained approximately 17% of the variance for depression sum scores and 11.8% of the variance for anxiety sum scores while controlling for gender and region. Understanding the association between sociodemographic variables and psychological states in patients with COVID-19 is relevant to tackle future public mental health problems and to implement health policies that are intended to palliate further psychiatric complications. Promotion of modifiable behaviors such as exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to less than an hour is recommended.Publication Open Access Anxiety and depression in patients with confirmed and suspected COVID-19 in Ecuador(Wiley, 2020) Paz, Clara; Mascialino, Guido; Adana Díaz, Lila; Rodríguez Lorenzana, Alberto; Simbaña-Rivera, Katherine; Gómez-Barreno, Lenin; Troya, Maritza; Páez, María Ignacia; Cárdenas, Javier; Gerstner, Rebekka M.; Ortiz-Prado, Esteban; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun ZientziakThe rapid spread of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 throughout the world has forced local and national administrations to take unprecedented measures to reduce the impact of the coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) pandemic. In South America, the arrival of the virus took longer than in other regions of the world, nevertheless, the impact has already been unprecedent. For instance, Ecuador was one of the most affected countries by the pandemic, reported hundreds of deaths each day during the last weeks of March and the first weeks of April 2020. The mortality rates were high during these months due to late implementation of restrictive measures of social distancing and limited capacity of health services (testing capacities and contact tracing). In this scenario, the Ecuadorian Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) established an epidemiological surveillance program for COVID-19 confirmed and suspected patients. The Department of Mental Health at the MoPH in Ecuador lead an active surveillance of the emotional impact of the disease by deploying an online self-reporting tool among patients to identify needs and provide standard of care treatment. The authors of this study were asked to participate in the development of this survey. The tool recorded sociodemographic variables and responses from two questionnaires: the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure the presence and severity of depressive symptoms, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) to assess the presence and severity of anxiety symptoms.