Open Access
Adolescents adjudicated for sexual offending: a comparison between sex-only and sex-plus
(Springer, 2021) Siria Mendaza, Sandra; Echeburúa, Enrique; Amor, Pedro; Sociología y Trabajo Social; Soziologia eta Gizarte Lana; Institute for Advanced Social Research - ICOMMUNITAS
Introduction One of the most consolidated classifcations of adolescents adjudicated for sexual ofending (ASO) is based on their antisocial behavior background. This allows identifying sex-only and sex-plus ASO. However, limited research related to this classifcation has been focused on relevant risk factors, such as sexual development, and none of them has been conducted in Spain. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 73 ASO. Data collection took place between 2013 and 2015. They were divided into sex-only (n=33) and sex-plus (n=40). Assessments included reviews of ofcial fles, interviews with professionals in charge, and interviews with the ASO. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to compare intergroup diferences. Results No signifcant diferences between groups in family background, history of maltreatment, and sexual development variables were found. Sex-plus had a signifcantly higher prevalence of disruptive behavior at school, school absenteeism, substance consumption, and antisocial misconduct with peers. Signifcant diferences between groups were also found in some sexual crime variables. Logistic regression analyses showed that antisocial behavior with peers and school absenteeism were related to sex-plus. Conclusions These fndings highlight the importance of assessing sexual development and family background when intervening with ASO. Sexual development-related variables should be further examined to understand their involvement in sexually coercive behaviors. Policy Implications The identifcation of specifc criminogenic needs for each ofense pathway would beneft court decisions and more tailored interventions to reduce recidivism. These treatments should include family interventions.
Open Access
Adolescents adjudicated for sexual offending: differences between sexual reoffenders and sexual non-reoffenders
(SAGE Publications, 2021) Siria Mendaza, Sandra; Echeburúa, Enrique; Amor, Pedro; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Although a very small group of adolescents adjudicated for sexual offending (ASO) will persist into adulthood, the use of official records of sexual recidivism after long-term follow-up periods underrates the repetition of sexually coercive behaviors during adolescence. Additionally, limited research has considered sexual reoffending as a criterion to classify this heterogeneous population. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of ASO who engaged in repetitive sexual offending before their adjudication, and to use it as a classification criterion to examine the differential characteristics associated with each group. A sample of 73 adjudicated ASO in Spain was examined. They were divided into sexual reoffenders (SR) (n = 34) and sexual nonreoffenders (SNR) (n = 39). An ex post facto research design was carried out. Assessments included reviews of official files, interviews with professionals in charge, and interviews with the ASO in which the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) was administered. Descriptive analyses were conducted for all variables and Odds Ratio (OR) was used to compare intergroup differences. Results showed that SR had 12.95 times the odds of sexual victimization, 6.91 times the odds of having lived in a sexualized family environment, and 3 times the odds of bullying victimization. Deviant sexual fantasies were exclusively present among SR (44%). Significant differences between groups were also found in some sexual crime variables but not on the empathy scale. These results have implications for the distinction between ASO who have repeatedly engaged in sexually coercive behavior and those who engaged in a single event of sexual offending. The identification of specific risk factors and criminogenic needs for each group would benefit court decisions and more tailored interventions.
Open Access
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and substance use disorder (SUD): a scoping review
(Elsevier, 2021) Leza González, Leire; Siria Mendaza, Sandra; López-Goñi, José Javier; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Background: The long-term negative effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and their impact on physical and mental health has been widely studied. However, research about the relationship between ACEs and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnosis in adolescence and adulthood is still scarce. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted to collect the existing research findings to explore the relationship between the experience of ACEs and the diagnosis of SUD later in life. Methods: The PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. After identifying the records based on eligibility and exclusion criteria, 12 studies were finally selected for inclusion. Results: Most of the studies were conducted in the USA with adult male and female participants. All studies were cross-sectional in nature and assessed ACEs retrospectively. The main conclusions of the studies were that there is a higher prevalence of ACEs in the population with SUD than in the general population, and a positive association between ACEs and the development and severity of SUD in adolescence and adulthood. Conclusions: It is difficult to make comparisons between studies and to draw solid conclusions because of the lack of standardized criteria for evaluating ACEs and due to the heterogeneity in the substance types examined. More research is needed to fully elucidate the underlying mechanism of the relationship between ACEs and SUD.

Siria Mendaza, Sandra

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