Pajares Villandiego, María Josefa
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Pajares Villandiego
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María Josefa
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Ciencias de la Salud
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Publication Open Access Epigenetic regulation of microRNAs in cancer: shortening the distance from bench to bedside(MDPI, 2021) Pajares Villandiego, María Josefa; Alemany Cosme, Ester; Goñi Irigoyen, Saioa; Bandrés Elizalde, Eva; Palanca Ballester, Cora; Sandoval, Juan; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun ZientziakCancer is a complex disease involving alterations of multiple processes, with both genetic and epigenetic features contributing as core factors to the disease. In recent years, it has become evident that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), an epigenetic factor, play a key role in the initiation and progression of cancer. MicroRNAs, the most studied non-coding RNAs subtype, are key controllers in a myriad of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the expression of miRNAs is controlled, concomitantly, by other epigenetic factors, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, resulting in aberrant patterns of expression upon the occurrence of cancer. In this sense, aberrant miRNA landscape evaluation has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer management. In this review, we have focused on the regulation (biogenesis, processing, and dysregulation) of miRNAs and their role as modulators of the epigenetic machinery. We have also highlighted their potential clinical value, such as validated diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and their relevant role as chromatin modifiers in cancer therapy.Publication Open Access Analysis of copy number alterations reveals the lncRNA ALAL-1 as a regulator of lung cancer immune evasion(Rockefeller University Press, 2020) Athie, Alejandro; Marchese, Francesco P.; González, Jovanna; Lozano, Teresa; Raimondi, Ivan; Juvvuna, Prasanna Kumar; Abad, Amaya ; Marin-Béjar, Oskar; Serizay, Jacques; Martínez, Dannys; Ajona, Daniel; Pajares Villandiego, María Josefa; Sandoval, Juan; Montuenga, Luis M.; Kanduri, Chandrasekhar ; Lasarte, Juan José; Huarte, Maite ; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun ZientziakCancer is characterized by genomic instability leading to deletion or amplification of oncogenes or tumor suppressors. However, most of the altered regions are devoid of known cancer drivers. Here, we identify lncRNAs frequently lost or amplified in cancer. Among them, we found amplified lncRNA associated with lung cancer-1 (ALAL-1) as frequently amplified in lung adenocarcinomas. ALAL-1 is also overexpressed in additional tumor types, such as lung squamous carcinoma. The RNA product of ALAL-1 is able to promote the proliferation and tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells. ALAL-1 is a TNFα− and NF-κB–induced cytoplasmic lncRNA that specifically interacts with SART3, regulating the subcellular localization of the protein deubiquitinase USP4 and, in turn, its function in the cell. Interestingly, ALAL-1 expression inversely correlates with the immune infiltration of lung squamous tumors, while tumors with ALAL-1 amplification show lower infiltration of several types of immune cells. We have thus unveiled a pro-oncogenic lncRNA that mediates cancer immune evasion, pointing to a new target for immune potentiation.