Cano-Rodríguez, Sara
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Cano-Rodríguez
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Sara
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Economía
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INARBE. Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics
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Publication Open Access La descarbonización de las eléctricas españolas: Iberdrola, Endesa y Naturgy, un relato comparado (1960-2020)(Asociación Española de Historia Económica, 2025-01-31) Cano-Rodríguez, Sara; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaEste estudio analiza la evolución del cambio tecnológico en la generación de electricidad de las principales compañías eléctricas españolas entre 1960 y 2020 en el contexto de la transición hacia una economía baja en carbono. La investigación se centra en determinar si todo el sector progresó de manera uniforme o si, por el contrario, emergen patrones distintos entre las empresas. Los hallazgos revelan una convergencia tecnológica reciente entre las firmas líderes que contrasta con perfiles tecnológicos claramente diferenciados en etapas anteriores. Estos legados han influido en la posición de partida de las empresas para iniciar la descarbonización. En el contexto contemporáneo, las empresas eléctricas representan un paradigma fundamental para comprender las dinámicas de la transición energética en la configuración del panorama actual.Publication Open Access At the crossroad between green and thirsty: carbon emissions and water consumption of Spanish thermoelectricity generation, 1969–2019(Elsevier, 2022) Cano-Rodríguez, Sara; Rubio Varas, María del Mar; Sesma Martín, Diego; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBEThe energy sector is the main contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and one of the thirstiest sectors worldwide. Within the energy sector, thermoelectricity directly impacts on both emissions and water. This study assesses the evolution of the direct CO2 emissions and operational water consumption of the Spanish thermoelectricity generation from 1969 to 2019. Both carbon emissions and water consumption correlate over time, led by the trends in total thermal generation, although over the past half century, water requirements swelled far more than carbon emissions. This results in a long-term trade-off between carbon emissions and consumptive water use in relative terms: while the CO2 per thermal MWh generated halved since 1969 in Spain, the operational water consumption per MWh of thermoelectricity generated more than doubled due to switching from coal burning to nuclear and combined cycle technologies. We find no real trade-off in absolute levels. Although moving towards smaller environmental impacts since the mid-2000s, thermoelectricity remains one of the largest carbon emitters while becoming one of thirstiest energy technologies in Spain.