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Ruisoto, Pablo

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Ruisoto

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Pablo

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Ciencias de la Salud

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0000-0003-1252-0479

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811929

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2013 - 20197
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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Gender differences in risk factors for Stice’s bulimia in a non-clinical sample
    (Cambridge University Press, 2015) Ruisoto, Pablo; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; López-Goñi, José Javier; Real Deus, José Eulogio; Vaca Gallegos, Silvia; Mayoral, Paula; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
    Some females are at an increased risk of developing bulimia. However, etiological factors and their interplay remain controversial. The present study analyzed Stice’s Model for eating disorders in a non-clinical population by examining gender differences with respect to the following risk factors: body mass index (BMI), body dissatisfaction, perceived social pressure to be thin, body-thin internalization, and dieting behavior. A sample of 162 American college students (64 males and 91 females) was surveyed, and validated scales were used. The Stice’s model was tested using Structural Equation Modeling. Our results supported Stice’s Dual Pathway Model of bulimic pathology for females but not for males. The results of this study fail to support the role of BMI as a predictor of dietary restraint in females, the main risk factor of eating disorders. Males may abstain from dietary restraint to gain muscular volume and in turn increase their BMI. Implications are discussed.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Alcohol consumption in university professors: the role of stress and gender
    (2018) Ruisoto, Pablo; Vaca Gallegos, Silvia; López-Goñi, José Javier; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; Fernández Suárez, Iván; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
    The role of job satisfaction and other psychosocial variables in problematic alcohol consumption within professional settings remains understudied. The aim of this study is to assess the level of problematic alcohol consumption among male and female university professors and associated psychosocial variables. A total of 360 professors (183 men and 177 women) of a large private university in Ecuador were surveyed using standardized instruments for the following psychosocial measures: alcohol consumption, job satisfaction, psychological stress, psychological flexibility, social support and resilience. Problematic alcohol consumption was found in 13.1% of participants, although this was significantly higher (χ2 = 15.6; d.f. = 2, p < 0.001) in men (19.1%) than women (6.8%). Problematic alcohol consumption was reported in men with higher perceived stress and job satisfaction. However, 83.3% of women with problematic alcohol use reported lower job satisfaction and higher psychological inflexibility. Results suggest that job satisfaction itself did not prevent problematic alcohol consumption in men; stress was associated with problematic consumption in men and psychological inflexibility in women. Findings from this study support the need to assess aspects of alcohol consumption and problematic behavior differently among men and women. Intervention strategies aimed at preventing or reducing problematic alcohol consumption in university professors must be different for men and women.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Gender differences in problematic alcohol consumption in university professors
    (MDPI, 2017) Ruisoto, Pablo; Vaca Gallegos, Silvia; López-Goñi, José Javier; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; Fernández Suárez, Iván; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
    The role of job satisfaction and other psychosocial variables in problematic alcohol consumption within professional settings remains understudied. The aim of this study is to assess the level of problematic alcohol consumption among male and female university professors and associated psychosocial variables. A total of 360 professors (183 men and 177 women) of a large private university in Ecuador were surveyed using standardized instruments for the following psychosocial measures: alcohol consumption, job satisfaction, psychological stress, psychological flexibility, social support and resilience. Problematic alcohol consumption was found in 13.1% of participants, although this was significantly higher (χ2 = 15.6; d.f. = 2, p < 0.001) in men (19.1%) than women (6.8%). Problematic alcohol consumption was reported in men with higher perceived stress and job satisfaction. However, 83.3% of women with problematic alcohol use reported lower job satisfaction and higher psychological inflexibility. Results suggest that job satisfaction itself did not prevent problematic alcohol consumption in men; stress was associated with problematic consumption in men and psychological inflexibility in women. Findings from this study support the need to assess aspects of alcohol consumption and problematic behavior differently among men and women. Intervention strategies aimed at preventing or reducing problematic alcohol consumption in university professors must be different for men and women.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Psychometric properties and factor structure of an Ecuadorian version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in college students
    (Public Library of Science, 2019) López, Víctor; Paladines Costa, María Belén; Vaca Gallegos, Silvia; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Ruisoto, Pablo; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
    Background: the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is the gold standard in assessing harmful alcohol intake, which is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality. Objective: the goal of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties and factor structure of an Ecuadorian adaptation of a Spanish translation of the AUDIT in a large sample of college students in Ecuador. Methods: a total of 7905 students, including 46.26% males, and 53.75% females, from 11 universities in Ecuador, were surveyed. The questionnaire was tested for two- and three-factor structures, reliability, and correlations with other health related measures. Results: the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test for sampling adequacy was satisfactory (.0885), and Bartlett´s test for sphericity was significant (p < .001). Although both models showed a good fit to the data, the two-factor model was preferred based on the high correlations between the factors 2 and 3 within the three-factor model (.86 for the total sample, .77 for females, and .91 for males). The reliability for the two-factor model was good, as indicated by Cronbach´s α = .806 (factor I) and .716 (factor II) for the total sample, .808 (factor I) and .667 (factor II) for females, and .787 (factor I) and .728 (factor II) for males. Additionally, the AUDIT scores positively correlated with several health-related measures: stress, psychological inflexibility, loneliness and depression/anxiety symptomatology. Conclusion: the Ecuadorian adaptation of the Spanish version of the AUDIT has good reliability, and internal consistency and correlates with other health related measures, proving to be a reliable tool that can be used by researchers and clinicians to screen hazardous alcohol intake in college students.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Análisis del efecto de la exposición a información, del sexo y de la edad sobre las preferencias de tratamiento en depresión leve a moderada
    (Colegio Oficial de Psicólogía de Andalucía Occidental, 2018) Peral Cabrera, Blanca; Ruisoto, Pablo; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
    Estudios previos han encontrado que la atención a las preferencias de los pacientes acorta la duración del tratamiento en depresión. Sin embargo, no se conocen las variables que influyen en las preferencias por cada modalidad de tratamiento (psicofarmacológica/psicoterapéutica/combinada). El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el efecto de la exposición a información mínima sobre eficacia terapéutica, el sexo y la edad de los participantes en sus preferencias de tratamiento. A través de redes sociales, se encuestó a 335 personas sobre preferencias de tratamiento en depresión. La exposición a información no influyó en el grado de preferencia por una u otra. La preferencia por el tratamiento farmacológico fue inferior al psicoterapéutico en mujeres y jóvenes. Los principales motivos expresados fueron la confianza en la terapia combinada y en la psicoterapia. Se discuten las implicaciones para el abordaje del tratamiento de depresión.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Understanding major depression in a digital environment
    (Australian Computer Society, 2013) Ruisoto, Pablo; Juanes Méndez, Juan A.; Velasco Marcos, María A.; Contador Castillo, Israel; Prats Galino, Alberto; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
    The most recent neuroimaging studies off er new possibilities to learn the neurobiological basis of depressive disorders. This paper illustrates an interactive visual tool, based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), to study the morphological and metabolic changes of brain structures in a patient with unipolar depression. In particular, this application provides a comprehensive representation of structures and neurotransmission changes involved in the pharmacological treatment of major depressive disorders. The ICT tool may be helpful to learn complex brain changes associated with depression. Some advantages of this approach in relation to conventional techniques are discussed.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Prevalence and profile of alcohol consumption among university students in Ecuador
    (Elsevier, 2016) Ruisoto, Pablo; López-Goñi, José Javier; Vaca Gallegos, Silvia; Jiménez, Marco; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
    Objetivo: El consumo de alcohol constituye un problema de salud pública en Ecuador. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la prevalencia y el perfil de consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios. Método: Se encuestó a 3232 estudiantes a través del AUDIT y escalas psicosociales. Para discriminar el valor explicativo de estas sobre el consumo se utilizó un análisis CHAID. Resultados: La prevalencia total de consumo fue del 92,24% en los hombres y del 82,86% en las mujeres. En total, el 49,73% de los hombres y el 23,80% de las mujeres reportaron un consumo problemático. En los hombres, el perfil de consumo problemático se caracterizó por síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, especialmente si existía mayor nivel de estrés y menor compromiso vital. En las mujeres, el consumo problemático se caracterizó por mayor inflexibilidad psicológica y menor compromiso vital. Conclusión: El consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios requiere atención y el diseno˜ de intervenciones específicas según el sexo.