Carlosena Remírez, Laura
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Carlosena Remírez
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Laura
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Ingeniería
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ISC. Institute of Smart Cities
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Publication Open Access On the energy potential of daytime radiative cooling for urban heat island mitigation(Elsevier, 2020) Carlosena Remírez, Laura; Ruiz-Pardo, Álvaro; Feng, Jie; Irulegi, Olatz; Hernández-Minguillón, Rufino J.; Santamouris, Mattheos; Ingeniería; IngeniaritzaThe objective of this paper is to present the potential of daytime radiative cooling materials as a strategy to mitigate the Urban Heat Island effect. To evaluate the cooling potential of daytime radiative cooling materials, 15 theoretical materials and seven existing materials were simulated: two radiative cooling materials, a coolmaterial, two white paints, a thermochromic paint and a construction material. The novelty of this study is that it shows that the optimal spectral characteristics of radiative cooling materials depending on the climate conditions and the type of application. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of each wavelength emissivity on the ability to achieve sub-ambient radiative cooling. The sensitivity analysis comprised a total of 90 theoretical materials with 15 different wavelength combinations and 6 emissivity values. The heat transfer model, which includes conduction, convection, and radiation, was developed using a spectrally-selective sky model. Two conditions were considered: a very conductive surface and a highly insulated one. All the materials were simulated in two cities that suffer from the Urban Heat Island effect—Phoenix and Sydney. The mean surface temperature reduction achieved was 5.30 ◦C in Phoenix and 4.21 ◦C in Sydney. The results presented suggest that the type of application (active or passive) is a determinant factor in the design of radiative cooling materials. Modifying the spectra of the materials led to a substantial change in the cooling potential. A material that performs well in a dry climate as a passive solution could perform poorly as an active solution.Publication Open Access Worldwide potential of emissive materials based radiative cooling technologies to mitigate urban overheating(Elsevier, 2023) Carlosena Remírez, Laura; Ruiz-Pardo, Álvaro; Rodríguez-Jara, Enrique Ángel; Santamouris, Mattheos; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaRadiative cooling has gained significant attention in recent years for its passive heat evacuation capabilities. Numerous materials have been developed, but comparing their cooling effectiveness has proven challenging due to inconsistent experimental conditions. This study aims to bridge this gap by evaluating the heat evacuation potential of various radiative cooling materials under consistent climatic conditions. Using a validated heat transfer model, the performance of eleven materials was simulated in twenty-two Urban Overheating-affected cities. The assessment considered factors such as radiated heat losses, solar heat gains, and convective heat losses to gauge the cooling power of each material. The simulation assumed an active system where the materials were placed on a highly conductive, uninsulated surface, akin to having a fluid at a constant temperature beneath. The ability of materials to radiate heat and cool down depends on their optical properties. The findings suggest limited benefits in equatorial climates, with an average monthly total heat exchanged (MATHE) of −19.73 kWhm−2. Materials displayed consistent behavior throughout the year in climates with high relative humidity levels. Climates with elevated ambient temperatures derived the greatest advantages from strictly selective and highly reflective materials that emitted within the atmospheric window. Arid climates showed potential during transition times (MATHE -74.5 kWhm−2), while warm temperate climes benefited during summer months (MATHE -112.1 kWhm−2). In snow zone climates, the system could be utilized year-round for cooling-intensive scenarios, with a MATHE of −203.8 kWhm−2. This study evaluates radiative cooling materials' effectiveness in different climates, informing energy-efficient cooling applications.