Open Access
Nitrogen isotope ratio (δ15N): a nearly unexplored indicator that provides useful information in viticulture
(International Viticulture and Enology Society, 2024-05-15) Santesteban García, Gonzaga; Loidi Erviti, Maite; Urretavizcaya Sanz, Inés; Galar Martínez, Mónica; Crespo Martínez, Sara; Royo Díaz, José Bernardo; Miranda Jiménez, Carlos; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
The study of the natural abundance of nitrogen-stable isotopes is an aspect of viticulture research that has received limited attention. While stable isotopes of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen have received significant attention, nitrogen isotope ratio (S15N) 15 N) remains a less studied yet potentially informative parameter. This paper explores the implications of S15N 15 N measurements in grapevines, shedding light on its utility as an indicator for nitrogen sources, plant water status, and within-field variability. The study examines the influence of nitrogen sources, dose, and sampling organs on S15N 15 N values, revealing distinct trends in petioles, berries, and seeds. Organic fertilisers led to higher S15N 15 N values compared to inorganic sources, while increasing nitrogen doses exhibited a much weaker effect on S15N. 15 N. Moreover, S15N 15 N values vary spatially within vineyards, associating with its topography and potential soil composition, soil management and water availability. Our results highlight the importance of considering S15N 15 N in viticulture, suggesting its integration with S13C 13 C for comprehensive insights into nitrogen cycling and soil management practices. The findings advocate for further research to harness the full potential of 15 N as a valuable tool in viticultural studies.
Open Access
The role of rootstocks for grape growing adaptation to climate change: meta-analysis of the research conducted in Spanish viticulture
(International Viticulture and Enology Society, 2023) Santesteban García, Gonzaga; Rekarte, Isabel; Torres Molina, Nazareth; Galar Martínez, Mónica; Villa Llop, Ana; Visconti, Fernando; Intrigliolo, Diego S.; Escalona, José M.; Herralde, Felicidad de; Miranda Jiménez, Carlos; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB
Rootstock election is one of the key decisions when designing a vineyard. Although the research performed to determine the effect they induce in the behaviour of scion varieties is not scarce, it is not easy to have a global idea, as results are usually published scattered. In this work, we re-examine previous research conducted in Spain on rootstock implications on vine agronomic performance through the performance of a meta-analysis (MA). As a result, we were able to integrate the information reported in 20 articles that included rootstock experimentation conducted with 36 different varieties and 47 different rootstocks, totalling 764 individual records. However, when the information was filtered before the meta-analysis, this number decreased to 312 records, for which rootstock Response Ratios (RR) were calculated. The characteristics conferred by the rootstock were more closely related to the rootstock itself, rather than to the characteristics of the Vitis sp. crossing used to create the rootstock. Several rootstocks were identified as more suitable for adapting to future climate change conditions, as far as they were able to moderate sugar accumulation and pH (161-49 C, 41-B MGt and 420A MGt). Meanwhile, 140 Ru and 5-BB were observed to provide high pH and sugar contents despite their high yield. In conclusion, despite being based on data from a single country, the meta-analysis was shown to be a useful tool for enhancing the value of previous research on rootstocks. Combining articles from both peer-reviewed and technical journals helped in the assessment of the implications of different rootstocks, although further steps should be taken to facilitate data integration (harmonisation of measurement and reporting procedures, open data repositories, etc).
Open Access
Guía de buenas prácticas de poda de la vid
(2022) Santesteban García, Gonzaga; Palacios Muruzábal, Julián; Sebastián Caumel, Bárbara; Arzoz Lafuente, Ignacio; Dewasme, Coralie; Galar Martínez, Mónica; Juanena Ayestarán, Nahiara; Loidi Erviti, Maite; Roby, Jean Philippe; Rodríguez Lorenzo, Maite; Torres Molina, Nazareth; Villa Llop, Ana; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación
Esta es una guía gráfica e interactiva de buenas prácticas de poda de la vid, en la que se explica mediante vídeos sencillos y de fácil seguimiento cómo cumplir los criterios fundamentales que se deben seguir a la hora de realizar la poda del viñedo para no comprometer la longevidad de la planta. La Guía se centra en los sistemas de conducción vaso, Cordón Royat y Guyot porque son los más habituales, pero gran parte de lo descrito es válido para todos los sistemas de conducción ya que los principios fundamentales de la poda deben respetarse independientemente del sistema de poda. La Guía ha sido elaborada en el marco del proyecto Vites Qualitas (EFA 324/19) SOSTENIBILIDAD Y COMPETITIVIDAD DE LA VITICULTURA EN EL TERRITORIO POCTEFA
Open Access
Respectful pruning improves grapevine development: a case study in young vineyards
(Wiley, 2024-09-09) Galar Martínez, Mónica; Torres Molina, Nazareth; Sebastián Caumel, Bárbara; Palacios Muruzábal, Julián; Arzoz Lafuente, Ignacio; Juanena Ayestarán, Nahiara; Villa Llop, Ana; Loidi Erviti, Maite; Dewasme, Coralie; Roby, Jean Philippe; Santesteban García, Gonzaga; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Grapevine pruning is an agronomical operation required to regulate growth and yield, improve fruit quality, and maintain plant health and vigour. However, the intensification of the crop in the last decades, driven by efforts to increase productivity and decrease costs, has led to reduced attention to this operation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether different pruning styles during the first years of vineyard training affect grapevine development. Three pruning styles were followed in a newly planted cv. 'Tempranillo' vineyard for four consecutive pruning seasons: (i) respectful (RESP), where pruning cuts were always made leaving protection wood between the cut and vine perennial structures, and the preferential sap flow path was chosen; (ii) aggressive (AGGR), where no protection wood was left and, when possible, the nonpreferential sap flow path was followed; and (iii) winegrape grower (WIN), where the common practices used in the area were followed, which corresponds to an intermediate style between RESP and AGGR. In general, the RESP style increased the vegetative development compared to WIN and AGGR styles over the years and produced a higher yield in the first production year, although the intensity of the effect was not the same in the two vineyards considered. This was the first effort to systematically assess the effects of respectful pruning techniques on vine vegetative growth and demonstrate scientifically its impact.

Santesteban García, Gonzaga

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