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Bello Pintado, Alejandro

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Bello Pintado

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Alejandro

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Gestión de Empresas

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0000-0003-0186-716X

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6577

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2019 - 20202
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Alcance de mecanismos de cooperación regional frente a la crisis política en Venezuela
    (Universidad del Zulia (Venezuela), 2019) Torres, Veruska; Solís, Jennifer; Bello Pintado, Alejandro; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
    Tras el comienzo de un proceso revolucionario iniciado por Hugo Chávez Frías en 1999, Venezuela ha entrado en una situación política, económica y social complicada, que desde el año 2013 con la llegada al poder de Nicolás Maduro Moros, el sucesor del presidente Chávez, ha devenido en una polarización más aguda del país en torno a dos visiones políticas distintas, la oficialista y la de oposición, que ha desembocado en una crisis política interna provocando el claro interés de los organismos internacionales del continente, no sólo aquellos de índole primordialmente político como la Organización de Estados Americanos, entre otros, sino también quienes priorizan los intereses económicos como el Mercado Común del Sur. El objetivo de esta investigación que abordó el periodo 2013-2017, se centra en analizar el alcance de los mecanismos de cooperación americanos frente a la actual situación en Venezuela. Desde un enfoque neorrealista de las Relaciones Internacionales, y a través de la revisión de encuentros, declaraciones y estatutos, se evidencia entre los resultados que aún no se ha logrado un consenso institucional sobre cómo hacer frente a tal situación debido no sólo a la diversidad de enfoques políticos que convergen en ellos, sino también a la naturaleza misma de los organismos.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Workforce education diversity, work organization and innovation propensity
    (Emerald, 2020) Bello Pintado, Alejandro; Bianchi, Carlos; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
    Purpose: Diversity of people, knowledge and resources has been identified as a determinant of firms' growth. This paper focusses on innovation propensity as a critical dimension of firm's growth path, aiming to analyse the effects of the firm's horizontal educational diversity (HED) on the propensity to conduct different technological innovation activities (TIAs). In addition, considering the evidence showing that these effects are neither direct nor linear, the authors analyse the moderating role of the firm's organizational practices oriented to knowledge sharing (KS) on the association between HED and the adoption of TIAs. Design/methodology/approach: Following the theoretical arguments of the resource-based view (RBV), the evolutionary economics and the dynamic capabilities approach and related empirical evidences, the authors proposed four hypotheses regarding the effect of HED on TIAs and the moderating role of work organization practices oriented to promote KS. Empirically, the authors calculated different HED diversity indexes capturing two basic dimensions: variety and balance. Hence, using instrumental variables and panel data techniques to control endogeneity biases, the authors tested the proposed hypotheses using a data set of Uruguayan manufacturing firms between 2004 and 2015. Findings: In line with previous evidence, results showed idiosyncratic context effects. The authors found a robust, linear, positive and significant relationship between HED and TIAs, but the effect can only be consistently associated with the adoption of internal or external research and development (R&D) activities. Moreover, the moderating role of work organization practices oriented to promote KS is positive and significant when firms engage in TIAs. For technological innovations that only involve the acquisiton of technology (AT), a positive effect is also observed but always associated to organizational practices oriented to promote KS. Originality/value: This paper revisits the analysis of workforce diversity for a relatively less explored context. This research contributes to the field by linking HED and work organization practices to understand firm's innovation propensity in a developing context. Moreover, while other studies have focussed only on top management or R&D team diversity, the authors have analysed the whole professional's workforce. It allows the authors to discuss the effects of diversity on innovation propensity in the light of the ongoing debate on the effects of innovation in employment.