Open Access
Diseño y caracterización de reflectores incoherentes de retrodispersión de fibra microperforada para láseres random de fibra óptica
(SEDOPTICA, 2021) Galarza Galarza, Marko; Sañudo-Lasagabaster Ibáñez, Silvia; Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; Roldán Varona, Pablo; Rodríguez Cobo, Luis; López Higuera, José Miguel; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, PJUPNA 1928
Los láseres random de fibra óptica presentan una serie de características que los hacen idóneos para una gran variedad de aplicaciones industriales. La elevada longitud de fibra necesaria en la cavidad debido a sus bajos índices de dispersión Rayleigh, se reduce utilizando fibras de baja área efectiva (compensadoras de dispersión), o generando artificialmente elementos muy dispersivos. En este trabajo presentamos el diseño de reflectores aleatorios de tan solo varios milímetros, generados mediante microperforación del núcleo con un láser de femtosegundo y su utilización en la cavidad de una estructura láser.
Open Access
A dual-wavelength fiber laser sensor with temperature and strain discrimination
(MDPI, 2022) Sánchez González, Arturo; Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; Roldán Varona, Pablo; Durán Escudero, Miguel; Rodríguez Cobo, Luis; López Higuera, José Miguel; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación
This work presents a dual-wavelength C-band erbium-doped fiber laser assisted by an artificial backscatter reflector. This fiber-based reflector, inscribed by femtosecond laser direct writing, was fabricated into a single mode fiber with a length of 32 mm. The dual-wavelength laser obtained, centered at 1527.7 nm and 1530.81 nm, showed an optical signal-to-noise ratio over 46 dB when pumped at 150 mW. Another feature of this laser was that the power difference between the two channels was just 0.02 dB, regardless of the pump power, resulting in a dual emission laser with high equalization. On the other hand, an output power level and a central wavelength instability as low as 0.3 dB and 0.01 nm were measured, in this order for both channels. Moreover, the threshold pump power was 40 mW. Finally, the performance of this dual-wavelength fiber laser enhanced with a random reflector for sensing applications was studied, achieving the simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature with sensitivities around 1 pm/µε and 9.29 pm/°C, respectively.
Open Access
Cavidad láser de fibra óptica multibanda basada en reflectores pseudoaleatorios cuasidistribuidos
(Sociedad Española de Óptica, 2021) Sánchez González, Arturo; Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; Roldán Varona, Pablo; Rodríguez Cobo, Luis; López Higuera, José Miguel; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, PJUPNA 1928
En este trabajo se presenta un análisis experimental de las prestaciones alcanzadas por una cavidad láser en línea asistida por un reflector de fibra con retrodispersión controlada artificialmente (RFRCA). Dicho reflector ha sido concebido para permitir oscilación en un único modo longitudinal (SLM) en bandas C y L, presentando inestabilidades en potencia de emisión inferiores a 0.1 dB y relaciones de señal óptica a ruido (OSNR) superiores a 44 dB.
Open Access
Micro-displacement sensor based on hollow core fiber interferometers
(Optica, 2022) Sánchez González, Arturo; Rodríguez Rodríguez, Armando; Dauliat, Romain; Jamier, Raphael; Roy, Philippe; Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
An interferometric sensor based on hollow core fibers for the measurement of micro-displacement has been designed. Its characterization has resulted in a linear response, suggesting its application in pressure sensors.
Open Access
C and L band fiber lasers enhanced by ultrafast laser inscribed artificial backscatter reflectors
(Optica, 2022) Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; Roldán Varona, Pablo; Sánchez González, Arturo; Rodríguez Cobo, Luis; López Higuera, José Miguel; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
This letter presents an experimental comparison between two linear-cavity erbiumdoped fiber lasers (EDFL) assisted by two different artificial backscatter fiber-based reflectors. Both reflectors were inscribed by femtosecond laser direct writing, one of them within a single-mode fiber (SMF) and the other one within a multi-mode fiber (MMF). Although the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) used in both structures was the same and both reflectors were manufactured under the same parameters, the reflection spectrum of each was clearly different due to their different physical properties. The first linear-cavity EDFL, consisting of an SMF-based reflector with 9µm core and 125µm cladding, resulted in a single laser emission line located in the C-band and centered at 1564.4 nm, exhibiting an optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of 52dB when pumped at 100mW. On the other hand, a single laser emission line with a similar OSNR but in L-band (centered at 1574.5nm) was obtained when using an MMF-based reflector with 50µm core and 125µm cladding.
Open Access
Wavelength-switchable L-band fiber laser assisted by random reflectors
(EDP Open, 2023) Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; Roldán Varona, Pablo; Sánchez González, Arturo; Rodríguez Cobo, Luis; López Higuera, José Miguel; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
A wavelength-switchable L-band erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) assisted by an artificially controlled backscattering (ACB) fiber reflector is here presented. This random reflector was inscribed by femtosecond (fs) laser direct writing on the axial axis of a multimode fiber with 50 lm core and 125 lm cladding with a length of 17 mm. This microstructure was placed inside a surgical syringe to be positioned in the center of a high-precision rotation mount to accurately control its angle of rotation. Only by rotating this mount, three different output spectra were obtained: a single wavelength lasing centered at 1574.75 nm, a dual wavelength lasing centered at 1574.75 nm and 1575.75 nm, and a single wavelength lasing centered at 1575.5 nm. All of them showed an optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of around 60 dB when pumped at 300 mW
Open Access
Láser random de fibra óptica asistido por reflectores de fibra con retrodispersión controlada artificialmente
(SEDOPTICA, 2021) Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; Roldán Varona, Pablo; Galarza Galarza, Marko; Sañudo-Lasagabaster Ibáñez, Silvia; Rodríguez Cobo, Luis; López Higuera, José Miguel; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, PJUPNA1928
Este trabajo presenta un láser de fibra tipo random (LFR) en cavidad semi-abierta, mediante amplificación híbrida Raman-Erbio y asistida por reflectores de fibra con retrodispersión controlada artificialmente (RFRCA). Como medio activo se ha empleado una combinación de 2,4 km de fibra compensadora de dispersión con dos tramos de fibra altamente dopada con erbio de 5 m cada uno. Se ha obtenido una única línea de emisión láser centrada a en 1553.8 nm y con una relación señal a ruido óptica de 47 dB cuando en la estructura se inyectaba una potencia de bombeo de 37.5 dBm. Además, se ha medido la estabilidad en términos de potencia de salida de este láser durante 3 horas, obteniendo una inestabilidad tan baja como 0,08 dB con un nivel de confianza del 100%.
Open Access
WDM and TDM interrogation by sequentially pulsing direct modulated DFBs
(Optica, 2020) Pérez González, Asier; Bravo Acha, Mikel; Leandro González, Daniel; Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
A new versatile and cost-effective interrogation system by pulsing direct modulated (DM) DFB laser diodes is proposed. 1 pm wavelength resolution and 600 m sensor spacing is demonstrated by sequentially pulsing a DM DFB.
Open Access
Multicore fiber sensors for strain measurement towards traffic monitoring
(SPIE, 2023) Sánchez González, Arturo; Pradas Martínez, Javier; Corera Orzanco, Íñigo; Bravo Acha, Mikel; Leandro González, Daniel; Dauliat, Romain; Jamier, Raphael; Roy, Philippe; Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, PJUPNA06-2022
In this work, two new interferometric sensors based on multicore optical fibers for the measurement of strain with the ultimate goal of traffic monitoring are presented. The operating principle of each sensor relied on the monitoring of the phase shift difference accumulated between the supermodes of the structure of the multicore segment in a full round trip. The strain characterization for both sensors resulted in a linear response, with sensitivities of -4.073·10-3 rad/με and - 4.389·10-3 rad/με for the aligned and V-shaped cases respectively, and one-hour instabilities below 4.6·10-3 rad with a 95% confidence level. These results suggest its feasibility in applications requiring high sensitivities over very wide strain ranges, such as heavy-vehicle traffic monitoring. To corroborate the hypothesis, both sensors were integrated into the pavement and their response to the traffic was analyzed.
Open Access
High frequency vibration sensor using a fiber laser with a multicore fiber interferometer
(IEEE, 2024) Correa Serrano, Ángel Ignacio; Galarza Galarza, Marko; Dauliat, Romain; Jamier, Raphael; Roy, Philippe; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Pérez Herrera, Rosa Ana; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
We present an interferometric vibration sensor that uses three-core fibers. The transducer is constructed by splicing a segment 20 mm long of a multicore optical fiber (MCF) to a single-mode optical fiber (SMF). The end of the MCF segment is cut off and painted using silver metallic paint. The sensor head is operated in reflection mode. The structure is placed on a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plate, which is excited with a wide range of frequency signals. The vibrations induce cyclic bending in the MCF segment, resulting in periodic oscillations of the reflected interference spectrum. This device is demonstrated to be suitable to measure vibrations in a frequency range of the order of 300 kHz detecting deformations as small as 0.40μm .