López Maestresalas, Ainara

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López Maestresalas

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Ainara

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Ingeniería

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IS-FOOD. Research Institute on Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain

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0000-0001-6636-0752

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750902

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810716

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Open Access
Identificación de síntomas previsuales de salinidad mediante imágenes hiperespectrales infrarrojas en vid
(Sociedad Española de Ciencias Hortícolas, 2022) Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Pérez Roncal, Claudia; Jarén Ceballos, Carmen; Santesteban García, Gonzaga; Marín Ederra, Diana; Miranda Jiménez, Carlos; López Maestresalas, Ainara; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Los niveles altos de salinidad que se pueden producir en un viñedo, asociados generalmente al uso de aguas de baja calidad genera un tipo de estrés abiótico que limita la producción de la uva y afecta a la calidad de los vinos. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la monitorización de los cultivos en la toma de decisiones para una buena gestión del viñedo, se plantea como objetivo de este trabajo la identificación previsual de síntomas de estrés abiótico en viña por medio de la tecnología de imágenes hiperespectrales en el infrarrojo cercano (HSI-NIR). Para llevar a cabo este objetivo, se realizó un ensayo en maceta en la Finca de Prácticas de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y Biociencias de la UPNA. El ensayo se realizó con plantas de un año de la variedad Monastrell sobre dos portainjertos 110R y 1103P. Se establecieron dos tratamientos: control (regado con agua de riego no salina) y salinidad (agua de riego con una concentración de sal común de 1,6 g/l). Entre finales de agosto y principios de septiembre se realizaron tres muestreos de hojas, analizando un total de 600 hojas (100 hojas/tratamiento y día). Las imágenes se tomaron con una cámara hiperespectral Xeva 1.7-320-100Hz, con rango espectral 900-1700nm. Una vez procesadas las imágenes se realizó una clasificación mediante un análisis discriminante por mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-DA) obteniéndose un porcentaje de muestras correctamente clasificadas en su grupo de origen (control o salinidad) del 82 % el primer día de muestreo, y del 87 % a partir del segundo día. A partir de estos datos podemos concluir que es posible identificar, mediante la tecnología HSI-NIR, síntomas en plantas sometidas a un tratamiento de riego con agua salina antes de que aparezcan síntomas en las hojas.
Open Access
Análisis de la siniestralidad por vuelco de tractor en el período 2017-2021
(Interempresas Media, 2023) Casuso, G.; Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Mangado Ederra, Jesús; López Maestresalas, Ainara; Arnal Atarés, Pedro; Jarén Ceballos, Carmen; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Desde que en 1995 se promulgó la Ley 31/1995 (BOE nº269/1995) de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales se ha observado una disminución importante de la siniestralidad laboral en todos los sectores. Sin embargo, en el sector agrario esta disminución no ha sido del calado de otros sectores y, por ejemplo, los índices de mortalidad prácticamente se mantienen en el tiempo. Tal es así, que el sector agrario ha sido calificado por el Observatorio Estatal de Condiciones de Trabajo (OECT) como prioritario para el desarrollo de políticas preventivas eficientes que permitan reducir la siniestralidad en el sector en base al índice de accidentes graves y mortales ajustado por la población afiliada.
Open Access
Siniestralidad agraria en España (2004 a 2013): factores de riesgo
(Blake & Helsey, 2019) Arnal Atarés, Pedro; Jarén Ceballos, Carmen; López Maestresalas, Ainara; Mangado Ederra, Jesús; Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
Los datos del presente artículo son, en su mayor parte, los resultados encontrados por Pedro Arnal Atarés en el desarrollo de su tesis doctoral 'Análisis de la información sobre accidentes en el sector agrario recogida en los medios de comunicación en el decenio 2004-2013'. Esta tesis fue dirigida por Carmen Jarén Ceballos. Al objeto de conseguir el Doctorado en Prevención de Riesgos Laborales, la tesis citada se defendió el día 5 de septiembre de 2017 en la Universidad Pública de Navarra y obtuvo la calificación de Sobresaliente.
Open Access
Hyperspectrum comparison using similarity measures
(IEEE, 2017-08-31) López Molina, Carlos; Marco Detchart, Cedric; Bustince Sola, Humberto; Fernández Fernández, Francisco Javier; López Maestresalas, Ainara; Ayala Martini, Daniela; Automática y Computación; Automatika eta Konputazioa; Proyectos e Ingeniería Rural; Landa Ingeniaritza eta Proiektuak
Similarity measures, as studied in the context of fuzzy set theory, have been proven applicable to many different fields. Surely, their primary role is to model the perceived (dis-) similarity between two fuzzy sets or, equivalently, the linguistic terms they represent. However, the richness of the dedicated study makes the similarity measures portable to other contexts in which quantitative comparison plays a key role. In this work we present the application of similarity measures to hyperspectrum comparison in the context of in-lab hyperspectral imaging for bioengineering.
Open Access
Early detection of Esca disease in grapevines using in-field hyperspectral proximal sensing
(Hellenic Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2025) López Maestresalas, Ainara; Ruiz de Gauna González, Jon; Jarén Ceballos, Carmen; León Ecay, Sara; Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Esca is one of the most destructive vine diseases in the world. It causes significant economic losses, mainly due to reduced grape yield and quality. Currently, the approved methods of controlling esca include preventive methods such as the use of fungicides on plant wounds or the use of planting systems that do not require intensive pruning, among others. It is therefore advisable to monitor the crop to identify those vines that are susceptible to the disease. For this reason, in this study a proximal hyperspectral camera was used for early detection of esca presence in asymptomatic grapevine leaves. Images of 11 vines of the Tempranillo variety grown in Etxauri (Navarre, Spain) were analysed. Hyperspectral images were acquired using a Specim IQ snapshot camera, mounted on a tripod, working in the range of 400¿1000 nm with a spectral resolution of 7 nm (204 bands), and an image resolution of 512 × 512 pixel including an RGB camera (5 Mpix). The images were taken under natural ambient light conditions on August 21, 2023. From the 11 vines selected, 9 showed visual symptoms of esca and the remaining 2 were asymptomatic to the naked eye. A total of 200 pixels were randomly selected from the dataset, 100 from asymptomatic leaves of asymptomatic vines (class 1) and 100 from asymptomatic leaves of symptomatic vines (class 2). Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to classify the leaves into the two classes. Classification rates of 97% were achieved in the cross-validation dataset. Models were externally validated at pixel-level using one image of an asymptomatic vine and another of a symptomatic vine. The visualisation of the images confirmed the correct classification of the pixels into the two classes, indicating that by using proximal hyperspectral sensing an early identification of the disease is possible.
Open Access
Phytochemicals determination and classification in purple and red fleshed potato tubers by analytical methods and near infrared spectroscopy
(Wiley, 2016) Tierno, Roberto; López Maestresalas, Ainara; Riga, Patrick; Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Jarén Ceballos, Carmen; Ruiz de Galarreta, José Ignacio; Proyectos e Ingeniería Rural; Landa Ingeniaritza eta Proiektuak
BACKGROUND: Over the last two decades, the attractive colours and shapes of pigmented tubers and the increasing concern about the relationship between nutrition and health have contributed to the expansion of their consumption and a specialty market. Thus, we have quantified the concentration of health promoting compounds such as soluble phenolics, monomeric anthocyanins, carotenoids, vitamin C, and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity, in a collection of 18 purple- and red-fleshed potato accessions. RESULTS: Cultivars and breeding lines high in vitamin C, such as Blue Congo, Morada and Kasta, have been identified. Deep purple cultivars Violet Queen, Purple Peruvian and Vitelotte showed high levels of soluble phenolics, monomeric anthocyanins, and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity, whereas relatively high carotenoid concentrations were found in partially yellow coloured tubers, such as Morada, Highland Burgundy Red, and Violet Queen. CONCLUSION: The present characterisation of cultivars and breeding lines with high concentrations of phytochemicals is an important step both to support the consideration of specialty potatoes as a source of healthy compounds, and to obtain new cultivars with positive nutritional characteristics. Moreover, by using near infrared spectroscopy a non-destructive identification and classification of samples with different levels of phytochemicals is achieved, offering an unquestionable contribution to the potato industry for future automatic discrimination of varieties.
Open Access
Analysis of fire services coverage in Spain
(DYNA, 2018) Echeverría Iriarte, Francisco Javier; González de Audícana Amenábar, María; López Maestresalas, Ainara; Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Ciriza Labiano, Raquel; Jarén Ceballos, Carmen; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Previous analysis of the locations of fire stations in Spain and the extent of the areas they cover revealed significant deficiencies with regard to the proportion of communities who would not receive fire service intervention within a reasonable time period. This article discusses and describes the use of Geographic Information Systems and related tools to determine the areas and population covered by existing fire services within a specific response time. This response time by road, is based on a survey of fire service interventions in other European countries. The analysis compares data from a statistical study with georeferenced ones and demonstrates that the areas and communities not covered within this response time is greater than previously believed. The article then describes an analysis an alternative solution to reinforce the current fire stations network with part-time firefighters to cover the areas not covered mainly in rural and remote locations.
Open Access
Combination of spectral and textural features of hyperspectral imaging for the authentication of the diet supplied to fattening cattle
(Elsevier, 2024) León Ecay, Sara; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Goenaga Uceda, Irantzu; López Maestresalas, Ainara; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
This study explored the potential of hyperspectral imaging in the near infrared region (NIR-HSI) as a non-destructive and rapid tool to discriminate among two beef fattening diets. For that purpose, a feeding trial was carried out with a total of 24 purebred Pirenaica calves. Twelve of them were fed barley and straw (BS) while 11 animals were finished on vegetable by-products (VBPR). When comparing the reference measurements of the meat coming from those animals, only the total collagen ratio expressed the feeding effect (p-value<0.05). To undertake the authentication procedure, two discrimination approaches were run: partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and radial basis function-support vector machine (RBF-SVM). To precisely extract spectral and textural information from the lean portion of the meat steaks, various techniques were executed, such as principal component (PC) images, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) for selecting optimal wavelengths, and gray-level-co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). After hyperspectral imaging and the combination of their own texture features, samples were classified according to feeding diet with an overall accuracy of 72.92% for PLS-DA and 80.56% for RBF-SVM. So, the potential of using HSI technology to authenticate the meat obtained from beef supplied a diet based on circular economy techniques was made in evidence.
Open Access
A multi-year analysis of traffic accidents involving agricultural tractors
(AIDIC, 2017) Arnal Atarés, Pedro; López Maestresalas, Ainara; Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Mangado Ederra, Jesús; Jarén Ceballos, Carmen; Proyectos e Ingeniería Rural; Landa Ingeniaritza eta Proiektuak
The agricultural sector in Spain is responsible for a high rate of accidents every year, and many of them are traffic accidents. Tractors are a relatively rare sight on roads, meaning that the incidence of accidents involving these vehicles is relatively low, however, an above-average number of people are seriously injured or killed as a result of such accidents. Tractors are considered responsible for the majority of the occupational accidents in agriculture. Moreover, tractor overturns stand out as the principal cause of fatal accidents mainly because those accidents involved tractors without rollover protective structures (ROPS). Despite the obligation for all tractors of having a protective structure, the incidence rate of accidents with sick leave followed a rising line in the last ten years. Thus, in this study an analysis of the data of traffic accidents involving agricultural tractors in Spain, during the 2004-2013 period, is developed in order to identify the main risk factors that influence them. Official data from the “Statistical Yearbook of Accidents” published annually were used. A total of 2892 accidents were analysed. The results obtained showed that the incidence rate of both accidents and deaths were lower in accidents involving tractors than in general ones, but the consequences were more severe. In addition, the majority of accidents producing victims happened in interurban roads involving two or more vehicles. Defects in the lighting and brake systems were identified as risk of producing an accident. In the majority of the cases, the driver was the only victim of the crash. The total number of victims showed a decreasing tendency while the fatality index remained constant. The age of driver was reported to directly influence the number of accidents, with a high proportion of drivers over 45 years old. The main offences committed by drivers were related to inadequate speed and distracted driving. As much as possible we put our findings in an international context.
Open Access
Hyperspectral imaging using notions from type-2 fuzzy sets
(Springer, 2019) López Maestresalas, Ainara; Miguel Turullols, Laura de; López Molina, Carlos; Arazuri Garín, Silvia; Bustince Sola, Humberto; Jarén Ceballos, Carmen; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Fuzzy set theory has developed a prolific armamentarium of mathematical tools for each of the topics that has fallen within its scope. One of such topics is data comparison, for which a range of operators has been presented in the past. These operators can be used within the fuzzy set theory, but can also be ported to other scenarios in which data are provided in various representations. In this work, we elaborate on notions for type-2 fuzzy sets, specifically for the comparison of type-2 fuzzy membership degrees, to create function comparison operators. We further apply these operators to hyperspectral imaging, in which pixelwise data are provided as functions over a certain energy spectra. The performance of the functional comparison operators is put to the test in the context of in-laboratory hyperspectral image segmentation.