Basterra Gortari, Francisco Javier

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Basterra Gortari

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Francisco Javier

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Ciencias de la Salud

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  • PublicationOpen Access
    Higher versus lower nut consumption and changes in cognitive performance over two years in a population at risk of cognitive decline: a cohort study
    (Elsevier, 2023) Ni, Jiaqi; Nishi, Stephanie K.; Babio, Nancy; Ros, Emilio; Basterra Gortari, Francisco Javier; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, Olga; Martínez, J. Alfredo; Alonso Gómez, Ángel M.; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesús; Romaguera, Dora; López Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramón; Tinahones, Francisco J.; Santos Lozano, José Manuel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano Ibáñez, Noemí; Tur, Josep A.; Fernández-García, José Manuel; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado Rodríguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vázquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Fernández-Aranda, Fernando; Ruiz Canela, Miguel; Mestres Solà, Cristina; Portolés, Olga; Sala Vila, Aleix; García-Rios, Antonio; Compañ-Gabucio, Laura María; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, María Ángeles; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Martínez Diz, Silvia; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez Pérez, Ana María; Toledo, Estefanía; Ríos, Santiago; Ortega Azorín, Carolina; Torre, Rafael de la; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J.; García de la Hera, Manuela; Sayón-Orea, Carmen; Malcampo, Mireia; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
    Background: Tree nuts and peanuts (henceforth, nuts) are nutrient-dense foods rich in neuroprotective components; thus, their consumption could benefit cognitive health. However, evidence to date is limited and inconsistent regarding the potential benefits of nuts for cognitive function. Objective: To prospectively evaluate the association between nut consumption and 2-y changes in cognitive performance in older adults at cognitive decline risk. Methods: A total of 6,630 participants aged 55 to 75 y (mean age 65.04.9 y, 48.4% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline and a 2-y follow-up. Composite cognitive scores were used to assess global, general, attention, and executive function domains. Nut consumption was categorized as <1, 1 to <3, 3 to <7, and 7 servings/wk (1 serving¼30 g). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline nut consumption and 2-y cognitive changes. Results: Nut consumption was positively associated with 2-y changes in general cognitive function (P-trend <0.001). Compared with participants consuming <1 serving/wk of nuts, those categorized as consuming 3 to <7 and 7 servings/wk showed more favorable changes in general cognitive performance (β z-score [95% CI] ¼ 0.06 [0.00,0.12] and 0.13 [0.06,0.20], respectively). No significant changes were observed in the multivariableadjusted models for other cognitive domains assessed. Conclusion: Frequent nut consumption was associated with a smaller decline in general cognitive performance over 2 y in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. Randomized clinical trials to verify our findings are warranted.