Morán Juez, José Fernando
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Morán Juez
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José Fernando
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IMAB. Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology
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Publication Open Access Both free indole-3-acetic acid and photosynthetic performance are important players in the response of Medicago truncatula to urea and ammonium nutrition under axenic conditions(Frontiers Media, 2016) Esteban Terradillos, Raquel; Royo Castillejo, Beatriz; Urarte Rodríguez, Estíbaliz; Zamarreño, Ángel M.; García Mina, José M.; Morán Juez, José Fernando; IdAB. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología / Agrobioteknologiako InstitutuaWe aimed to identify the early stress response and plant performance of Medicago truncatula growing in axenic medium with ammonium or urea as the sole source of nitrogen, with respect to nitrate-based nutrition. Biomass measurements, auxin content analyses, root system architecture (RSA) response analyses, and physiological parameters were determined. Both ammonium and ureic nutrition severely affected the RSA, resulting in changes in the main elongation rate, lateral root development, and insert position from the root base. The auxin content decreased in both urea- and ammonium-treated roots; however, only the ammonium-treated plants were affected at the shoot level. The analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence transients showed that ammonium affected photosystem II, but urea did not impair photosynthetic activity. Superoxide dismutase isoenzymes in the plastids were moderately affected by urea and ammonium in the roots. Overall, our results showed that low N doses from different sources had no remarkable effects on M. truncatula, with the exception of the differential phenotypic root response. High doses of both ammonium and urea caused great changes in plant length, auxin contents and physiological measurements. Interesting correlations were found between the shoot auxin pool and both plant length and the “performance index” parameter, which is obtained from measurements of the kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence. Taken together, these data demonstrate that both the indole-3-acetic acid pool and performance index are important components of the response of M. truncatula under ammonium or urea as the sole N source.Publication Open Access Effect of N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide on urea metabolism and the assimilation of ammonium by Triticum aestivum L.(Springer, 2010-08-25) Artola Rezola, Ekhiñe; Cruchaga Moso, Saioa; Ariz Arnedo, Idoia; Morán Juez, José Fernando; Garnica, María; Houdusse, Fabrice; García Mina, José M.; Irigoyen Iriarte, Ignacio; Lasa Larrea, Berta; Aparicio Tejo, Pedro María; IdAB. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología / Agrobioteknologiako Institutua; Producción Agraria; Nekazaritza EkoizpenaThe use of urea as an N fertilizer has increased to such an extent that it is now the most widely used fertilizer in the world. However, N losses as a result of ammonia volatilization lead to a decrease in its efficiency, therefore different methods have been developed over the years to reduce these losses. One of the most recent involves the use of urea combined with urease inhibitors, such as N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), in an attempt to delay the hydrolysis of urea in the soil. The aim of this study is to perform an in-depth analysis of the effects that NBPT use has on plant growth and N metabolism. Wheat plants were cultivated in a greenhouse experiment lasting four weeks and fertilized with urea and NBPT at different concentrations (0, 0.012, 0.062, 0.125%). Each treatment was replicated six times. A non-fertilized control was also cultivated. Several parameters related with N metabolism were analysed at harvest. NBPT use was found to have visible effects, such as a transitory yellowing of the leaf tips, at the end of the first week of treatment. At a metabolic level, plants treated with the inhibitor were found to have more urea in their tissues and a lower amino acid content, lower glutamine synthetase activity, and lower urease and glutamine synthetase content at the end of the study period, whereas their urease activity seemed to have recovered by this stage.