Person:
Militino, Ana F.

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Militino

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Ana F.

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Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas

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InaMat2. Instituto de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados y Matemáticas

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0000-0002-0631-3919

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220

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • PublicationOpen Access
    Unpaired spatio-temporal fusion of image patches (USTFIP) from cloud covered images
    (Elsevier, 2023) Goyena Baroja, Harkaitz; Pérez Goya, Unai; Montesino San Martín, Manuel; Militino, Ana F.; Wang, Qunming; Atkinson, Peter M.; Ugarte Martínez, María Dolores; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
    Spatio-temporal image fusion aims to increase the frequency and resolution of multispectral satellite sensor images in a cost-effective manner. However, practical constraints on input data requirements and computational cost prevent a wider adoption of these methods in real case-studies. We propose an ensemble of strategies to eliminate the need for cloud-free matching pairs of satellite sensor images. The new methodology called Unpaired Spatio-Temporal Fusion of Image Patches (USTFIP) is tested in situations where classical requirements are progressively difficult to meet. Overall, the study shows that USTFIP reduces the root mean square error by 2-to-13% relative to the state-of-the-art Fit-FC fusion method, due to an efficient use of the available information. Implementation of USTFIP through parallel computing saves up to 40% of the computational time required for Fit-FC.
  • PublicationOpen Access
    Locally adaptive change-point detection (LACPD) with applications to environmental changes
    (Springer, 2021) Moradi, Mohammad Mehdi; Montesino San Martín, Manuel; Ugarte Martínez, María Dolores; Militino, Ana F.; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas
    We propose an adaptive-sliding-window approach (LACPD) for the problem of change-point detection in a set of time-ordered observations. The proposed method is combined with sub-sampling techniques to compensate for the lack of enough data near the time series’ tails. Through a simulation study, we analyse its behaviour in the presence of an early/middle/late change-point in the mean, and compare its performance with some of the frequently used and recently developed change-point detection methods in terms of power, type I error probability, area under the ROC curves (AUC), absolute bias, variance, and root-mean-square error (RMSE). We conclude that LACPD outperforms other methods by maintaining a low type I error probability. Unlike some other methods, the performance of LACPD does not depend on the time index of change-points, and it generally has lower bias than other alternative methods. Moreover, in terms of variance and RMSE, it outperforms other methods when change-points are close to the time series’ tails, whereas it shows a similar (sometimes slightly poorer) performance as other methods when change-points are close to the middle of time series. Finally, we apply our proposal to two sets of real data: the well-known example of annual flow of the Nile river in Awsan, Egypt, from 1871 to 1970, and a novel remote sensing data application consisting of a 34-year time-series of satellite images of the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index in Wadi As-Sirham valley, Saudi Arabia, from 1986 to 2019. We conclude that LACPD shows a good performance in detecting the presence of a change as well as the time and magnitude of change in real conditions.
  • PublicationOpen Access
    Using RGISTools to estimate water levels in reservoirs and lakes
    (MDPI, 2020) Militino, Ana F.; Montesino San Martín, Manuel; Pérez Goya, Unai; Ugarte Martínez, María Dolores; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas
    The combination of freely accessible satellite imagery from multiple programs improves the spatio-temporal coverage of remote sensing data, but it exhibits barriers regarding the variety of web services, file formats, and data standards. Ris an open-source software environment with state-of-the-art statistical packages for the analysis of optical imagery. However, it lacks the tools for providing unified access to multi-program archives to customize and process the time series of images. This manuscript introduces RGISTools, a new software that solves these issues, and provides a working example on water mapping, which is a socially and environmentally relevant research field. The case study uses a digital elevation model and a rarely assessed combination of Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 imagery to determine the water level of a reservoir in Northern Spain. The case study demonstrates how to acquire and process time series of surface reflectance data in an efficient manner. Our method achieves reasonably accurate results, with a root mean squared error of 0.90 m. Future improvements of the package involve the expansion of the workflow to cover the processing of radar images. This should counteract the limitation of the cloud coverage with multi-spectral images.
  • PublicationOpen Access
    Filling missing data and smoothing altered data in satellite imagery with a spatial functional procedure
    (Springer, 2019) Militino, Ana F.; Ugarte Martínez, María Dolores; Montesino San Martín, Manuel; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas
    Outliers and missing data are commonly found in satellite imagery. These are usually caused by atmospheric or electronic failures, hampering the correct monitoring of remote-sensing data. To avoid distorted data, we propose a procedure called 'spatial functional prediction' (SFP). The SFP procedure consists of the following: (1) aggregating remote-sensing data for reducing the number of missing data and/or outliers; (2) additively decomposing the time series of images into a trend, a seasonal, and an error component; (3) defining the spatial functional data and predicting the trend component using an ordinary kriging; and (4) adding back the seasonal and error components to the predicted trend. The benefits of the SFP procedure are illustrated in the following scenarios: introducing random outliers, random missing data, mixtures of both, and artificial clouds in an extensive simulation study of composite images, and using daily images with real clouds. The following two derived variables are considered: land surface temperature (LST day) and normalized vegetation index (NDVI), which are obtained as remote-sensing data in a region in northern Spain during 2003–2016. The performance of SFP was checked using the root mean squared error (RMSE). A comparison with a procedure based on predicting with thin-plate splines (TpsP) is also made. We conclude that SFP is simpler and faster than TpsP, and provides smaller values of RMSE.