Esparza Catalán, Irene
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Esparza Catalán
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Irene
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InaMat2. Instituto de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados y Matemáticas
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Publication Open Access Casein nanoparticles in combination with 2-hydroxypropyl-B-cyclodextrin improves the oral bioavailability of quercetin(Elsevier, 2019) Peñalva, Rebeca; Esparza Catalán, Irene; Morales-Gracia, Jorge; González-Navarro, Carlos J.; Larrañeta, Eneko; Irache, Juan M.; Ciencias; Zientziak; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako GobernuaThe aim of this work was to optimize the preparative process of quercetin loaded casein nanoparticles as well as to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of this flavonoid when administered orally in Wistar rats. Nanoparticles were obtained by coacervation after the incubation of casein, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and quercetin in an aqueous environment. Then, nanoparticles were purified and dried. The resulting nanoparticles displayed a size of 200 nm with a negative zeta potential and a payload of about 32 μg/mg. Release studies showed a zero-order kinetic, suggesting a mechanism based on erosion of the nanoparticle matrix. For the pharmacokinetic study, quercetin was orally administered to rats as a single dose of 25 mg/kg. Animals treated with quercetin-loaded casein nanoparticles displayed higher plasma levels than those observed in animals receiving the solution of the flavonoid (control). Thus, the relative oral bioavailability of quercetin when administered as casein nanoparticles (close to 37%) was found to be about 9-times higher than the oral solution of the flavonoid in a mixture of PEG 400 and water. In summary, the combination of casein and 2-hydroxypropyl-βcyclodextrin produces nanoparticles that may be a good option to load quercetin for both nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purposes.Publication Open Access Phenolic composition of artichoke waste and its antioxidant capacity on differentiated Caco-2 cells(MDPI, 2019) Jiménez Moreno, Nerea; Cimminelli, María José; Volpe Sainz, Francesca; Ansó Blanco, Raúl; Esparza Catalán, Irene; Mármol, Inés; Rodríguez Yoldi, María Jesús; Ancín Azpilicueta, Carmen; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; CienciasArtichoke waste represents a huge amount of discarded material. This study presents the by‐products (bracts, exterior leaves, and stalks) of the 'Blanca de Tudela' artichoke variety as a potential source of phenolic compounds with promising antioxidant properties. Artichoke residues were subjected to different extraction processes, and the antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of the extracts were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses, respectively. The most abundant polyphenols in artichoke waste were chlorogenic acid, luteolin‐7‐O‐rutinoside, and luteolin‐7‐O‐glucoside. Minor quantities of cynarin, luteolin, apigenin‐7‐O‐glucoside, apigenin‐7‐O‐rutinoside, and naringenin‐7‐O-glucoside were also found. The antioxidant activity of the obtained extracts determined by ABTS [2, 2’‐azinobis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid)], DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐pycrilhydracyl), and FRAP (Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power) was highly correlated with the total concentration of phenolic compounds. Chlorogenic acid, luteolin‐7‐O‐glucoside, and luteolin‐7‐O‐rutinoside, the most abundant compounds in 60% methanol extracts, are the components most responsible for the antioxidant activity of the artichoke waste extracts. The extract with the best antioxidant capacity was selected to assay its antioxidant potential on a model intestinal barrier. This action of the hydroxycinnamic acids on intestinal cells (Caco-2) was confirmed. In summary, artichoke waste may be considered a very interesting ingredient for food functionalization and for therapeutic purposes.Publication Open Access Impact of extraction conditions on the phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of grape stem extracts(MDPI, 2019) Jiménez Moreno, Nerea; Volpe Sainz, Francesca; Moler Cuiral, José Antonio; Esparza Catalán, Irene; Ancín Azpilicueta, Carmen; Zientziak; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Ciencias; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako GobernuaThe use of grape stems for the extraction of bioactive compounds to be used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries is a promising objective. The aim of this work is to determine the influence of the different extraction conditions (temperature, ethanol concentration, and ratio of sample/solvent) on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of Mazuelo stem extracts. In general, the ethanol concentration of the extraction solvent was the factor that had the greatest influence on the extraction of different bioactive compounds. The greatest content of total phenolic compounds and the highest antioxidant activity of the extracts were obtained with 50% ethanol and at 40 °C. The most abundant compound found in the different extracts obtained from Mazuelo grape stem was (+)-catechin, but appreciable concentrations of gallic acid, a quercetin derivative, and stilbenes (trans-resveratrol and trans-ε-viniferin) were also extracted. Quercetin and malvidin-3-glucoside showed the highest correlation with the antioxidant capacity of the extracts, while stilbenes did not present such relation. The maximum concentration of gallic acid was extracted with water but the extraction of most of the compounds was maximum on using 50% ethanol. Consequently, the selection of the extraction method to be used will depend on the particular compound to be extracted in greatest quantity.