Person: López García, José Luis
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López García
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José Luis
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Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas
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InaMat2. Instituto de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados y Matemáticas
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0000-0002-6050-9015
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2369
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Publication Open Access Uniform convergent expansions of integral transforms(American Mathematical Society, 2021) López García, José Luis; Palacios Herrero, Pablo; Pagola Martínez, Pedro Jesús; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaSeveral convergent expansions are available for most of the special functions of the mathematical physics, as well as some asymptotic expansions [NIST Handbook of Mathematical Functions, 2010]. Usually, both type of expansions are given in terms of elementary functions; the convergent expansions provide a good approximation for small values of a certain variable, whereas the asymptotic expansions provide a good approximation for large values of that variable. Also, quite often, those expansions are not uniform: the convergent expansions fail for large values of the variable and the asymptotic expansions fail for small values. In recent papers [Bujanda & all, 2018-2019] we have designed new expansions of certain special functions, given in terms of elementary functions, that are uniform in certain variables, providing good approximations of those special functions in large regions of the variables, in particular for large and small values of the variables. The technique used in [Bujanda & all, 2018-2019] is based on a suitable integral representation of the special function. In this paper we face the problem of designing a general theory of uniform approximations of special functions based on their integral representations. Then, we consider the following integral transform of a function g(t) with kernel h(t, z), F(z) := 1 0 h(t, z)g(t)dt. We require for the function h(t, z) to be uniformly bounded for z ∈D⊂ C by a function H(t) integrable in t ∈ [0, 1], and for the function g(t) to be analytic in an open region Ω that contains the open interval (0, 1). Then, we derive expansions of F(z) in terms of the moments of the function h, M[h(·, z), n] := 1 0 h(t, z)tndt, that are uniformly convergent for z ∈ D. The convergence of the expansion is of exponential order O(a−n), a > 1, when [0, 1] ∈ Ω and of power order O(n−b), b > 0, when [0, 1] ∈/ Ω. Most of the special functions F(z) having an integral representation may be cast in this form, possibly after an appropriate change of the integration variable. Then, special interest has the case when the moments M[h(·, z), n] are elementary functions of z, because in that case the uniformly convergent expansion derived for F(z) is given in terms of elementary functions. We illustrate the theory with several examples of special functions different from those considered in [Bujanda & all, 2018-2019].Publication Open Access Series representations of the Volterra function and the Fransén–Robinson constant(Elsevier, 2021) López García, José Luis; Pagola Martínez, Pedro Jesús; Palacios Herrero, Pablo; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaThe Volterra function μ(t,β,α) was introduced by Vito Volterra in 1916 as the solution to certain integral equations with a logarithmic kernel. Despite the large number of applications of the Volterra function, the only known analytic representations of this function are given in terms of integrals. In this paper we derive several convergent expansion of μ(t,β,α) in terms of incomplete gamma functions. These expansions may be used to implement numerical evaluation techniques for this function. As a particular application, we derive a numerical series representation of the Fransén–Robinson constant F := µ(1, 1, 0) = R ∞ 0 1 Γ(x) dx. Some numerical examples illustrate the accuracy of the approximationsPublication Open Access The uniform asymptotic method "saddle point near an end point" revisited(Elsevier, 2024) López García, José Luis; Pagola Martínez, Pedro Jesús; Palacios Herrero, Pablo; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertistate PublikoaWe continue the program initiated in [López & all, 2009–2011] to simplify asymptotic methods for integrals: in this paper we revise the uniform method ‘‘saddle point near an end point’’. We obtain a more systematic version of this uniform asymptotic method where the computation of the coefficients of the asymptotic expansion is remarkably simpler than in the classical method. On the other hand, as in the standard method, the asymptotic sequence is given in terms of parabolic cylinder functions. New asymptotic expansions of the confluent hypergeometric functions 𝑀(𝑐, 𝑥∕𝛼 + 𝑐 + 1, 𝑥) and 𝑈(𝑐, 𝛼𝑥 + 𝑐 + 1, 𝑥) for large 𝑥, 𝑐 fixed, uniformly valid for 𝛼 ∈ (0, ∞), are given as an illustration.Publication Open Access A generalization of the Laplace's method for integrals(Elsevier, 2024-08-05) López García, José Luis; Pagola Martínez, Pedro Jesús; Palacios Herrero, Pablo; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Universidad Publica de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaIn López, Pagola and Perez (2009) we introduced a modification of the Laplace's method for deriving asymptotic expansions of Laplace integrals which simplifies the computations, giving explicit formulas for the coefficients of the expansion. On the other hand, motivated by the approximation of special functions with two asymptotic parameters, Nemes has generalized Laplace's method by considering Laplace integrals with two asymptotic parameters of a different asymptotic order. Nemes considers a linear dependence of the phase function on the two asymptotic parameters. In this paper, we investigate if the simplifying ideas introduced in López, Pagola and Perez (2009) for Laplace integrals with one large parameter may be also applied to the more general Laplace integrals considered in Nemes's theory. We show in this paper that the answer is yes, but moreover, we show that those simplifying ideas can be applied to more general Laplace integrals where the phase function depends on the large variable in a more general way, not necessarily in a linear form. We derive new asymptotic expansions for this more general kind of integrals with simple and explicit formulas for the coefficients of the expansion. Our theory can be applied to special functions with two or more large parameters of a different asymptotic order. We give some examples of special functions that illustrate the theory.Publication Open Access A convergent and asymptotic Laplace method for integrals(Elsevier, 2023) López García, José Luis; Pagola Martínez, Pedro Jesús; Palacios Herrero, Pablo; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaWatson’s lemma and Laplace’s method provide asymptotic expansions of Laplace integrals F (z) := ∫ ∞ 0 e −zf (t) g(t)dt for large values of the parameter z. They are useful tools in the asymptotic approximation of special functions that have a Laplace integral representation. But in most of the important examples of special functions, the asymptotic expansion derived by means of Watson’s lemma or Laplace’s method is not convergent. A modification of Watson’s lemma was introduced in [Nielsen, 1906] where, by the use of inverse factorial series, a new asymptotic as well as convergent expansion of F (z), for the particular case f (t) = t, was derived. In this paper we go some steps further and investigate a modification of the Laplace’s method for F (z), with a general phase function f (t), to derive asymptotic expansions of F (z) that are also convergent, accompanied by error bounds. An analysis of the remainder of this new expansion shows that it is convergent under a mild condition for the functions f (t) and g(t), namely, these functions must be analytic in certain starlike complex regions that contain the positive axis [0,∞). In many practical situations (in many examples of special functions), the singularities of f (t) and g(t) are off this region and then this method provides asymptotic expansions that are also convergent. We illustrate this modification of the Laplace’s method with the parabolic cylinder function U(a, z), providing an asymptotic expansions of this function for large z that is also convergent.