Open Access
Pricing levered warrants with dilution using observable variables
(Taylor & Francis, 2013) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; Navas, Javier F.; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
We propose a valuation framework for pricing European call warrants on the issuer's own stock that allows for debt in the issuer firm. In contrast to other works which also price warrants with dilution issued by levered firms, ours uses only observable variables. Thus, we extend the models of both Crouhy and Galai (1994) and Ukhov (2004). We provide numerical examples to study some implementation issues and to compare the model with existing ones.
Open Access
Lagged accuracy in credit-risk measures
(Elsevier, 2022) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; González Urteaga, Ana; Muga Caperos, Luis Fernando; Sánchez Alegría, Santiago; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
This paper analyzes the magnitude (accuracy) and length (time) of the lag in the incorporation of new information in different measures of credit risk. The results, for US firms, show a lag for Altman’s Z accounting measure and credit rating. In contrast, market-based credit-risk measures such as CDSs and the Black-Scholes-Merton model show no lag. This paper also analyzes the determinants of the lags found showing the importance of the informativeness of CDSs in reducing the lag for all types of default events, and a negative relationship between accounting manipulation and the lag of Altman’s Z for severe default events.
Open Access
Female CEOs and default risk in listed family firms
(Emerald, 2023) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; Garcés Galdeano, Lucía; Martínez García, Beatriz; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of female CEO board members on listed family firms’ corporate default risk, integrating upper echelons theory with social role theory and the socio-emotional wealth approach and proxying default risk with the Black–Scholes–Merton model. It also searches for possible differences attributable to the type of female CEO. Design/methodology/approach: This study is applied to a longitudinal sample of listed US family firms. After a preliminary analysis of the main descriptive, several models are estimated with the system GMM estimator, which is a panel data estimator. The models are dynamic, including the lagged value of the dependent variable. In addition, the model estimation is repeated with a different measure of default risk, for robustness. Findings: This research findings show that default risk diminishes in the presence of a female CEO, whose reduction is even greater if she is a family member. The results are proven to be robust to the measure for proxying default risk. Originality/value: This study primarily contributes to the existing literature by exploring a possible link between female CEOs, particularly those with a family affiliation, and a lower level of default risk in family firms. It also provides practical implications for policymakers, who would be advised to promote conditions enabling women to contribute towards family business viability. In addition, this study offers encouragement for family business owners to value the potential of their female family members in company succession processes.
Open Access
Does default probability matter in Latin American emerging markets?
(Taylor & Francis, 2013) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; Muga Caperos, Luis Fernando; Santamaría Aquilué, Rafael; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
We analyse the impact of default probability in four leading Latin American stock markets (Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico). We find no positive default risk premium except in the case of Brazil, and in fact find a negative risk premium for Argentina and Mexico. The latter effect tends to fade when the analysis accounts for size and BTM market variables. Although we find no size effect in any of the markets considered, the BTM effect is very strong in all of them, and our results reveal a consistent relationship, analogous to that found in more developed markets, between default probability and the size and book-to-market variables.
Open Access
Enhancing learning in the finance classroom
(Universidad Politécnica de Valencia., 2022) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; Corredor Casado, María Pilar; Río Solano, María Cristina del; Ferrer Zubiate, Elena; González Urteaga, Ana; Mansilla Fernández, José Manuel; Martínez García, Beatriz; Muga Caperos, Luis Fernando; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
This paper aims to describe a teaching-learning experience based on ProjectBased Learning (PBL). This experience is part of an educational innovation project devoted to transforming finance classes in various facets of financial advice. Specifically, the article focuses on the transformation process of a subject that studies financial markets and the assets traded in them. Based on this experience, the classroom becomes a financial consulting firm that advises investors on how to invest their capital. The results show us a remarkable active dedication of the students to the course, improved knowledge, and marks. In addition, the development of skills and values such as teamwork, autonomy, solidarity, equality, and professional skills are elements that encourage us to continue along this line.
Open Access
Does family ownership always reduce default risk?
(Wiley, 2021) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; Corredor Casado, María Pilar; Martínez García, Beatriz; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Gestión de Empresas
This paper analyses the effect of family ownership on the outcome of the firm’s risk‐taking activities, measured by the company’s default risk. We show that family ownership reduces the probability of default, which is proxied by the Black–Scholes–Merton (BSM) model. Our study goes further than the initial approach by taking into account certain factors conditioning the aforementioned relationship. We find that the expected negative relationship between family ownership and default risk is modified when there is a significant participation of institutional investors, whose positive moderating influence intensifies if they are stable and long‐term oriented and/or during adverse financial circumstances.
Open Access
Dimensión económica y dimensión social de la empresa social: ¿cómo influye la concreción de los fines fundacionales?
(Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2023) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; González Álvarez, Karen; Zabaleta Arregui, Idoia; Economía; Ekonomia; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
Las empresas sociales fijan como objetivo primordial la consecución de impactos sociales garantizando al mismo tiempo la consecución de beneficios económicos y una adecuada gestión. Este enfoque tridimensional (económico, social y de gestión) puede ser adoptado por distintos tipos de organización. En concreto, las fundaciones pueden ser consideradas como empresas sociales en la medida en que desarrollen estas tres dimensiones. Sin embargo, la definición de un objetivo social podría afectar a la dimensión económica. La posibilidad de que emerjan tensiones entre la dimensión económica y social de estas organizaciones podría estar relacionada con la forma de definir el fin fundacional. No obstante, no existe hasta la fecha evidencia empírica que soporte esta afirmación. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar la relación que existe entre la concreción del fin fundacional, como expresión de la dimensión social de estas organizaciones, y el impacto en su viabilidad económica. Para ello, se cuenta con una muestra compuesta por fundaciones españolas ubicadas en dos regiones, Aragón y Navarra, que poseen regulaciones diferentes que afectan a la concreción del fin fundacional o misión social. Mediante el análisis de contenido, se evidencian notables diferencias en las fundaciones ubicadas en ambas regiones cuando se analiza la definición del fin fundacional y la dimensión económica.
Open Access
Prediction of failure in reorganization agreements under Colombia's Corporate Insolvency Act
(Emerald, 2023) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; Bonilla Acosta, Harold; Muga Caperos, Luis Fernando; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
Purpose – The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the impact of the implementation of Colombian Corporate Insolvency Act 1116 of 2006 in the period 2008–2018 and to assess the relevance of a broad set of financial predictors, as well as variables related to the economic context or the characteristics of the process itself, in explaining the failure of reorganization processes. Design/methodology/approach – Both logit and probit models are estimated, starting from a large number of variables proposed in the literature which are then narrowed down to a final selection based on their individual significance and machine learning. Findings – The results show the prevalence of a limited number of financial variables related to equity, indebtedness, profits and liquidity as predictors of the failure of reorganization processes. The use of financial information from the year prior to the completion of the reorganization improves predictive accuracy and reliability. The debt-to-equity indicator provides no significant explanatory power, while voluntary entry into a reorganization process favors its success. Originality/value – While financial and accounting information is used across the literature to predict insolvency events, it is used here to predict success or failure in reorganization processes under the conditions imposed by a specific legislative act in a Latin American context.
Open Access
Régimen fiscal de las fundaciones navarras: efectos en la estructura de ingresos
(AECA, 2021) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; López Arceiz, Francisco José; Zabaleta Arregui, Idoia; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el régimen fiscal especial para fundaciones contenido en la regulación tributaria de dos comunidades autónomas, Aragón y Navarra. En particular, se analizan los efectos de la regulación contenida en ambos regímenes sobre la estructura de ingresos de estas entidades. Para ello, se accedió a una muestra compuesta por 406 fundaciones durante el período 2008-2018. Nuestros resultados revelan que algunos aspectos de la regulación relacionados con el interés tutelado, la dotación inicial, el desarrollo de la actividad comercial y el nivel de rendición de cuentas favorecen una estructura de ingresos diversificada.
Open Access
Duty calls: prediction of failure in reorganization processes
(Emerald, 2023) Abinzano Guillén, María Isabel; Bonilla Acosta, Harold; Muga Caperos, Luis Fernando; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
Purpose – Using data from business reorganization processes under Act 1116 of 2006 in Colombia during the period 2008 to 2018, a model for predicting the success of these processes is proposed. The paper aims to validate the model in two different periods. The first one, in 2019, characterized by stability, and the second one, in 2020, characterized by the uncertainty generated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach – A set of five financial variables comprising indebtedness, profitability and solvency proxies, firm age, macroeconomic conditions, and industry and regional dummies are used as independent variables in a logit model to predict the failure of reorganization processes. In addition, an out-ofsample analysis is carried out for the 2019 and 2020 periods. Findings – The results show a high predictive power of the estimated model. Even the results of the out-ofsample analysis are satisfactory during the unstable pandemic period. However, industry and regional effects add no predictive power for 2020, probably due to subsidies for economic activity and the relaxation of insolvency legislation in Colombia during that year. Originality/value – In a context of global reform in insolvency laws, the consistent predictive ability shown by the model, even during periods of uncertainty, can guide regulatory changes to ensure the survival of companies entering into reorganization processes, and reduce the observed high failure rate.