Open Access
Does the response of Rubisco and photosynthesis to elevated [CO2] change with unfavourable environmental conditions?
(Oxford University Press, 2024-09-12) Ancín Rípodas, María; Gámez Guzmán, Angie Lorena; Jáuregui Mosquera, Iván; Galmes, J.; Sharwood, R. E.; Erice, G.; Ainsworth, E. A.; Tissue, D. T.; Sanz-Sáez, A.; Aranjuelo Michelena, Iker; Ciencias; Zientziak; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura
Climate change due to anthropogenic CO2 emissions affects plant performance globally. To improve crop resilience, we need to understand the effects of elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) on CO2 assimilation and Rubisco biochemistry. However, the interactive effects of e[CO2] and abiotic stress are especially unclear. This study examined the CO2 effect on photosynthetic capacity under different water availability and temperature conditions in 42 different crop species, varying in functional group, photosynthetic pathway, and phenological stage. We analysed close to 3000 data points extracted from 120 published papers. For C-3 species, e[CO2] increased net photosynthesis and intercellular [CO2], while reducing stomatal conductance and transpiration. Maximum carboxylation rate and Rubisco in vitro extractable maximal activity and content also decreased with e[CO2] in C-3 species, while C-4 crops are less responsive to e[CO2]. The interaction with drought and/or heat stress did not significantly alter these photosynthetic responses, indicating that the photosynthetic capacity of stressed plants responded to e[CO2]. Moreover, e[CO2] had a strong effect on the photosynthetic capacity of grasses mainly in the final stages of development. This study provides insight into the intricate interactions within the plant photosynthetic apparatus under the influence of climate change, enhancing the understanding of mechanisms governing plant responses to environmental parameters.
Open Access
Nitrogen fertilization form and energetic status as target points conditioning rice responsiveness to elevated [CO2]
(Frontiers Media, 2025-03-11) Jáuregui Mosquera, Iván; Mitsui, Toshiaki; Gakière, Bertrand; Mauve, Caroline; Gilard, Françoise; Aranjuelo Michelena, Iker; Baslam, Marouane; Ciencias; Zientziak
The nitrogen (N) fertilization form and plant energy status are known to significantly influence plant responses to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. However, a close examination of the interplay between N sources under contrasting light intensity has been notably absent in the literature. In this study, we conducted a factorial experiment with rice plants involving two different light intensities (150 and 300 µmol m-2 s-1), inorganic N sources [nitrate (N-NO3) or ammonium nitrate (N-NH4NO3)] at varying CO2 levels (410 and 700 parts per million, ppm). The aim was to examine the individual and combined effects of these factors on the allocation of biomass in whole plants, as well as on leaf-level photosynthetic characteristics, chloroplast morphology and development, ATP content, ionomics, metabolomics, and hormone profiles. Our research hypothesis posits that mixed nutrition enhances plant responsiveness to elevated CO2 (eCO2) at both light levels compared to sole N-NO3 nutrition, due to its diminished energy demands for plant assimilation. Our findings indicate that N-NO3 nutrition does not promote the growth of rice, its photosynthetic capacity, or N content when exposed to ambient CO2 (aCO2), and is significantly reduced in low light (LL) conditions. Rice plants with N-NH4NO3 exhibited a higher carboxylation capacity, which resulted in larger biomass (total C, tiller number, and lower root-shoot ratio) supported by higher Calvin-cycle-related sugars. The lower leaf N content and overall amino acid levels at eCO2, particularly pronounced in N-NO3, combined with the lower ATP content (lowest at LL and N-NO3), may reflect the higher energy costs of N assimilation at eCO2. We also observed significant plasticity patterns in leaves under eCO2. Our findings highlight the importance of a thorough physiological understanding to inform innovative management practices aimed at mitigating the negative effects of climate change on plant N use efficiency.
Open Access
Unraveling the role of transient starch in the response of Arabidopsis to elevated CO2 under long-day conditions
(Elsevier, 2018) Jáuregui Mosquera, Iván; Pozueta Romero, Javier; Aparicio Tejo, Pedro María; Baroja Fernández, Edurne; Aranjuelo Michelena, Iker; Zientziak; Ciencias; IdAB. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología / Agrobioteknologiako Institutua
Previous studies on Arabidopsis under long-term exposure to elevated CO2 have been conducted using starch synthesis and breakdown mutants cultured under short day conditions. These studies showed that starch synthesis can ameliorate the photosynthetic reduction caused by soluble sugar-mediated feedback regulation. In this work we characterized the effect of long-term exposure to elevated CO2 (800 ppm) on growth, photosynthesis and content of primary photosynthates in long-day grown wild type plants as well as the near starch-less (aps1) and the starch-excess (gwd) mutants. Notably, elevated CO2 promoted growth of both wild type and aps1 plants but had no effect on gwd plants. Growth promotion by elevated CO2 was accompanied by an increased net photosynthesis in WT and aps1 plants. However, the plants with the highest starch content (wild type at elevated CO2, gwd at ambient CO2, and gwd at elevated CO2) were the ones that suffered decreased in in vivo maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco, and therefore, photosynthetic down-regulation. Further, the photosynthetic rates of wild type at elevated CO2 and gwd at elevated CO2 were acclimated to elevated CO2. Notably, elevated CO2 promoted the accumulation of stress-responsive and senescence-associated amino acid markers in gwd plants. The results presented in this work provide evidence that under long-day conditions, temporary storage of overflow photosynthate as starch negatively affect Rubisco performance. These data are consistent with earlier hypothesis that photosynthetic acclimation can be caused by accelerated senescence and hindrance of CO2 diffusion to the stroma due to accumulation of large starch granules.

Jáuregui Mosquera, Iván

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