ε-near-zero (ENZ) graded index quasi-optical devices: steering and splitting millimeter waves

Graded index ε near-zero (GRIN-ENZ) quasi-optical components such as beam steerers and power splitters are designed, simulated and analyzed. The GRIN-ENZ medium is realized using stacked narrow hollow waveguides whose infinite array shows the first transmission peak at 1.0002 THz. Several GRIN-ENZ beam steerers to channel a normal incident plane wave to different output angles (15, 45, 65 and 80 deg) with good impedance matching (low reflection) are analytically and numerically demonstrated using planar structures with a thickness of 5λ0 = 1500 μm along z-axis. Moreover, symmetrical and asymmetrical power splitters are designed with output angles (plus/minus 45 deg) and (-80, +35 deg), respectively.