Apoptosis, toll-like, RIG-I-like and NOD-like receptors are pathways jointly induced by diverse respiratory bacterial and viral pathogens

Martínez, IsidoroOliveros, Juan C.Cuesta, IsabelBarrera, Jorge de laAusina, VicenteCasals, CristinaLorenzo, Alba deGarcía, ErnestoGarcía Fojeda, BelénGarmendia García, JuncalGonzález Nicolau, MarLacoma, AliciaMenéndez, MargaritaMoranta, DavidNieto, AmeliaOrtín, JuanPérez González, AliciaPrat, CristinaRamos Sevillano, ElisaRegueiro, VerónicaRodríguez Frandsen, ArielSolís, DoloresYuste, José R.Bengoechea Alonso, José AntonioMelero, José A.2018-09-042018-09-0420171664-302X (Electronic)10.3389/fmicb.2017.00276https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/30433Lower respiratory tract infections are among the top five leading causes of human death. Fighting these infections is therefore a world health priority. Searching for induced alterations in host gene expression shared by several relevant respiratory pathogens represents an alternative to identify new targets for wide-range host-oriented therapeutics. With this aim, alveolar macrophages were independently infected with three unrelated bacterial (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus) and two dissimilar viral (respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A virus) respiratory pathogens, all of them highly relevant for human health. Cells were also activated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a prototypical pathogen-associated molecular pattern. Patterns of differentially expressed cellular genes shared by the indicated pathogens were searched by microarray analysis. Most of the commonly up-regulated host genes were related to the innate immune response and/or apoptosis, with Toll-like, RIG-I-like and NOD-like receptors among the top 10 signaling pathways with over-expressed genes. These results identify new potential broad-spectrum targets to fight the important human infections caused by the bacteria and viruses studied here.13 p.application/pdfapplication/zipeng© 2017 Martínez, Oliveros, Cuesta, de la Barrera, Ausina, Casals, de Lorenzo, García, García-Fojeda, Garmendia, González-Nicolau, Lacoma, Menéndez, Moranta, Nieto, Ortín, Pérez-González, Prat, Ramos-Sevillano, Regueiro, Rodriguez-Frandsen, Solís, Yuste, Bengoechea and Melero. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Respiratory pathogensHost responseCore of up-regulated genesBacterial infectionsViral infectionsApoptosis, toll-like, RIG-I-like and NOD-like receptors are pathways jointly induced by diverse respiratory bacterial and viral pathogensinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAcceso abierto / Sarbide irekia