Vicuña, LucasBarrientos, EstebanNorambuena, TomásAlvares, DaniloGana, Juan CristóbalLeiva-Yamaguchi, ValeriaMeza, CristianSantos Martín, José LuisMericq, VerónicaPereira, AnaEyheramendy, Susana2025-04-142025-04-142023-02-17Vicuña, L., Barrientos, E., Norambuena, T., Alvares, D., Gana, J. C., Leiva-Yamaguchi, V., Meza, C., Santos, J. L., Mericq, V., Pereira, A., Eyheramendy, S. (2023). New insights from GWAS on BMI-related growth traits in a longitudinal cohort of admixed children with Native American and European ancestry. iScience, 26(2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.106091.2589-004210.1016/j.isci.2023.106091https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/53984Body-mass index (BMI) is a hallmark of adiposity. In contrast with adulthood, the genetic architecture of BMI during childhood is poorly understood. The few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on children have been performed almost exclusively in Europeans and at single ages. We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal GWAS for BMI-related traits on 904 admixed children with mostly Mapuche Native American and European ancestries. We found regulatory variants of the immune gene HLA-DQB3 strongly associated with BMI at 1:5 2:5 years old. A variant in the sex-determining gene DMRT1 was associated with the age at adiposity rebound (Age-AR) in girls (P = 9:8 3 10 9). BMI was significantly higher in Mapuche than in Europeans between 5.5 and 16.5 years old. Finally, Age-AR was significantly lower (P = 0:004) by 1.94 years and BMI at AR was significantly higher (P = 0:04) by 1.2 kg/m2, in Mapuche children compared with Europeans.application/pdfapplication/zipeng© 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.Genome-wide association studies (GWAS)Body-mass index (BMI)Childreninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article2025-04-14info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess