Taglialegna, AgustinaNavarro, SusannaVentura, SalvadorGarnett, James A.Matthews, StevePenadés, José R.Lasa Uzcudun, ÍñigoValle Turrillas, Jaione2016-11-042016-11-0420161553-7366 (Print)1553-7374 (Electronic)10.1371/journal.ppat.1005711https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/22580Major components of the biofilm matrix scaffold are proteins that assemble to create a unified structure that maintain bacteria attached to each other and to surfaces. We provide evidence that a surface protein present in several staphylococcal species forms functional amyloid aggregates to build the biofilm matrix in response to specific environmental conditions. Under low Ca2+ concentrations and acidic pH, Bap is processed and forms insoluble aggregates with amyloidogenic properties. When the Ca2+ concentration increases, metal-coordinated Bap adopts a structurally more stable conformation and as a consequence, the N-terminal region is unable to assemble into amyloid aggregates. The control of Bap cleavage and assembly helps to regulate biofilm matrix development as a function of environmental changes.application/pdfeng© 2016 Taglialegna et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Staphylococcus aureusBacterial biofilmsAmyloid proteinsExtracellular matrixArtículo / ArtikuluaAcceso abierto / Sarbide irekiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess