Wild strains of Agaricus bisporus: a source of tolerance to dry bubble disease
Fecha
2006Versión
Acceso abierto / Sarbide irekia
Tipo
Contribución a congreso / Biltzarrerako ekarpena
Versión
Versión publicada / Argitaratu den bertsioa
Impacto
|
nodoi-noplumx
|
Resumen
The button mushroom Agaricus bisporus is susceptible to various pests and diseases. Dry bubble,
caused by the Hyphomycete Verticillium fungicola, is currently the more serious disease and is worldwide
in distribution. Cultivars are susceptible and the pathogen develops resistance towards the very
few fungicides admitted at mushroom farms. Breeding for resistance is necessary and wild strains o ...
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The button mushroom Agaricus bisporus is susceptible to various pests and diseases. Dry bubble,
caused by the Hyphomycete Verticillium fungicola, is currently the more serious disease and is worldwide
in distribution. Cultivars are susceptible and the pathogen develops resistance towards the very
few fungicides admitted at mushroom farms. Breeding for resistance is necessary and wild strains of
A. bisporus are putative sources of tolerance to V. fungicola.We present results on the susceptibility of
some wild strains of the INRA-CTC collection and the PPO MRU collection. Besides the severity of
the disease, the strains were also compared for their ability to develop each of the symptoms induced
by the pathogen: spotted mushrooms, stipe blow-out and spheroid masses (the bubbles) which are the
typical symptom of the disease.
Agaricus bisporus 2100, cultivated in numerous French mushroom farms, was used to assess the aggressiveness
of various isolates of V. fungicola var. fungicola, the variety responsible for the disease in Europe
at present. Significant variability in aggressiveness was observed. Isolate VCTC, which induced
severe symptoms on A. bisporus 2100 (30-40% of diseased mushrooms), revealed interesting tolerance
(10-18% of diseased mushrooms) among five wild A. bisporus strains and hybrids between wild strains.
A cross test was performed with two cultivars and seven wild stains of A. bisporus contaminated with
five V. fungicola isolates, two of var. fungicola and three of var. aleophilum, the latter identified as responsible
for the disease in USA and Canada. The wild strains screened in this experiment were far
more tolerant than the cultivars, exhibiting 3-9% of diseased mushrooms compared to 20-22%. All the
strains were more susceptible to the pathogens of var. aleophilum than to those of var. fungicola.
These experiments showed that very tolerant material exists in collection and can be used as parents
to breed for resistance. The greater susceptibility of A. bisporus to V. fungicola var. aleophilum must be
taken into consideration in breeding programmes, this variety being present in North America and
being isolated in Europe in the past. [--]
Materias
Agaricus bisporus 2100,
Dry bubble disease,
Verticillium fungicola
Editor
Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Publicado en
Antonio G. Pisabarro and Lucía Ramírez (eds.): VI Meeting on Genetics and Cellular Biology of Basidiomycetes (GCBB-VI). Pamplona: Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, 2006.
Notas
Comunicación presentada al VI Meeting on Genetics and Cellular Biology of Basidiomycetes (GCBB-VI), organizado por y celebrado en la Universidad Pública de Navarra el 3-6 de junio de 2005.