Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Osasun Zientzien Fakultatea

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Browsing Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Osasun Zientzien Fakultatea by Author "Adrián Arrieta, Leyre"

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    Actuación e intervención en adolescentes tras detección de conductas autolesivas
    (2021) Sanz Ortega, Carlos; Adrián Arrieta, Leyre; Osasun Zientzien Fakultatea; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
    Introduction: Nowadays suicide is a public health problem. Among the risk factors of teenagers, which are the most vulnerable population, higlhiglts, within mental disorders, Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), as well as substance use and stressful life/family events. This study is focused on the importance of emotion management and its prevention in adolescents, as well as adequate therapy for suicide prevention. Methodology: the proposal is about a program “Against our fears”, aimed at students from 14 to 18 years old. It includes two interventions. The first, “Autolysis-1” to promote the protective factors of suicide and enable emotional competence. It is evaluated with the Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) and MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview psychometric scales. The second, “Autolysis-2”, using the Suicide Risk Questionnaire (RSQ). It focuses on performing Dialectical-Behavioral Therapy (DBT) in adolescents detected at risk of suicide in Autolysis-1. After the interventions, a second evaluation will ve carried out with respective scales. The program will be directed by a multidisciplinary healthcare team. Results: according to the bibliographical references reviewed, it is found that greater emotional intelligence, adequate coping with stress, and better mental and physical health conditions a lower risk of suicidal behaviour. Likewise, that the application of TDC-6 in a systematic way reduces these behaviors. After carrying out the proposed program, it is expected to improve the indicators of the scales of both interventions. Conclusions: the introduction of mental and emotional health programs in the teenager’s population is able to contribute to the detection of suicidal behaviour and work out well for early detection.
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    Programa de modificación de hábitos para la prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad en adultos de Bogotá
    (2021) Murcia Lesmes, David Eduardo; Adrián Arrieta, Leyre; Osasun Zientzien Fakultatea; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
    The "westernized" diet, with a predominance of high saturated fat, sugars, and processed foods and low in fiber, has increased the prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide. Recently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has gained attention as it has spread worldwide. This viral infection severely affects people with obesity and overweight, due to a high risk of pneumonia associated with hypoventilation, pulmonary hypertension, and cardiac stress. Therefore, an increased risk of hospitalization and an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) must be available for this vulnerable group. Therefore, it is necessary to have measures for the modification of lifestyles such as hypocaloric meal plans adjusted in macronutrients and isocaloric diets, increased physical activity and modification of lifestyle habits to fight back the combined effect of the obesity and COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this intervention program is to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the adult population (18 to 64 years) of the capital city of Colombia. This weight loss intervention program consists of carrying out an early detection and intervention of overweight and obese individuals in the city of Bogotá, offering the detected population an intervention focused on a modification of lifestyles to keeping a healthy weight. This program is framed by the public policy "Plan Distrital de Desarrollo (PDD) 2020-2024, Un Nuevo Contrato Social y Ambiental para la Bogotá del Siglo XXI."
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    Programa de seguridad alimentaria y prevención de la desnutrición infantil en asentamientos informales en Bogotá
    (2021) Nova Díaz, Diana Marcela; Adrián Arrieta, Leyre; Osasun Zientzien Fakultatea; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
    The general objective of the programme "Food Security and Prevention of Child Malnutrition in Informal Settlements in Bogotá" is to prevent the risk factors of child malnutrition in the population of children aged 0-14 years in the informal settlement of Ciudad Bolivar in Bogotá. Nowadays, child malnutrition has become a serious public health problem due to its magnitude and upward trend (being the epidemic of the 21st century and now with Covid-19 it has become even more acute), increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, poor cognitive development, bone fragility, weakened immune system, cardiovascular disorders, slowed metabolism, among others), and a high economic cost (being one of the main health problems in developing countries). Child malnutrition in developing countries is among the five leading causes of mortality and is part of a context of social, economic and cultural variables that, in addition to being very unfavourable, are themselves risk factors that alter child development. In Colombia, undernutrition in children under five years of age continues to be a serious public health problem, as well as its consequences from 5 to 14 years of age, because at this age children usually have health problems due to the sequelae of their childhood and adaptation as a result. Child malnutrition is the result of insufficient food intake (in quantity and quality), lack of adequate care and the emergence of infectious diseases. Behind these immediate causes are underlying causes such as lack of access to food, lack of health care, use of unsafe water and sanitation systems, and poor care and feeding practices. The underlying causes include social, economic and political factors such as poverty, inequality and poorly educated mothers, making it a public health problem and an increasingly frequent reason for paediatric consultations. The WHO considers that "chronic malnutrition (what we call hunger) is one of the worst manifestations of this form of malnutrition. It is estimated that 1 in 9 people in the world are undernourished (more than 800 million people) and that it causes about half of the deaths of children under 5 years of age. It has serious multidimensional consequences for children and adolescents from the age of 5 onwards. Its consequences are long-term and have an impact on the physical and mental health of the person who suffers from it. In the case of childhood, it can have irreversible consequences as it can lead to a slowing down of physical and intellectual development. In Colombia, according to the latest National Nutritional Situation Survey of Colombia, 560,000 children under 5 years of age suffer from chronic malnutrition in the country and 15,600 suffer from severe acute malnutrition. According to nutrition experts, the latter type of malnutrition generates nine times the risk of mortality compared to a normal child. However, child malnutrition cannot be seen exclusively from a nutritional or nutrient deficit point of view. There are social determinants that vary depending on the socio-political, economic and cultural context of each country or region, which contribute to the fact that undernutrition remains one of the main public health problems. The programme "Food Security and Prevention of Child Malnutrition in Informal Settlements in Bogotá" is aimed at the entire child population of the informal settlement of Ciudad Bolivar in Bogotá, whose ages are between 0 and 14 years old. The programme will be carried out in different areas of Ciudad Bolivar, starting in January 2022. Participation in the programme will be voluntary and will require the authorisation of parents or legal guardians, who will also participate in the programme. It will run from 2022 - 2024. From January to December (24 months) informative posters will be put up and educational leaflets will be handed out. From January to December, twentythree different activities (one activity each month) with corresponding workshops for children, parents and other community staff will take place. The evaluation and report of the programme will be carried out in January, once the programme has finished, although periodic evaluations will be carried out. The programme will be led by an Economist with a background in Health Education (Master in Public Health) and supported by a multidisciplinary team with specific knowledge on food and nutrition, socio-economic aspects and education. She will develop the programme in terms of planning and logistics and integration of the multidisciplinary team to implement the training and education of families, parents, children and community staff of the settlement. She/he will be in charge of and ultimately responsible for the programme. The team will be multidisciplinary and will have held an initial meeting to get to know each other, integrate and assist in the planning of the programme and other meetings throughout the programme as required. The contracted staff will include an Economist, a Psychologist, a Food Technician and a Nutritionist-Dietician. In addition, there will be the collaboration of different professionals from the Health Centre of Ciudad Bolivar, such as a Nurse, a Paediatrician, a Doctor and a Social Worker. We will also have the help of volunteers from our volunteer programme who will have different profiles, including the community leader from the beginning. This programme is approved by the District Health Secretariat of the Mayor's Office of Bogotá and the Government of Cundinamarca, by the coordinators of the Primary Health Care Centre of La Candelaria, by the management of the District School of Ciudad Bolivar and by the Mayor's Office of Bogotá.