Gómez Cámara, Irene
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Gómez Cámara
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Irene
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Gestión de Empresas
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Publication Open Access Harmony in diversity: unraveling the global impact of K-Pop through social media and fandom dynamics(Taylor & Francis, 2025-04-04) Gutiérrez Jauregi, Alaitz; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gómez Cámara, Irene; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Economía; Ekonomia; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaSouth Korean pop culture, K-Pop, is a global cultural force driven by catchy melodies, exceptional vocal abilities, captivating dance movements, and active social media engagement. This study explores the global dissemination of K-Pop, focusing on the role of social media and fan communities in examining cultural impact, fan dynamics, and transformative potential. Key research inquiries address fan engagement¿s contribution to global dissemination, challenges to cultural norms, the influence of fan characteristics on social media behavior, and transformative impacts on societal issues. Organized into four parts, the research delves into the evolution of K-Pop, conducts a literature review on K-Pop fandom, analyses characteristics of K-Pop fandom members per their perceptions, and surveys 315 enthusiasts on engagement dynamics, idol influence, and fandom¿s role in social and political initiatives. Findings reveal the intricate evolution of K-Pop, highlighting social media¿s role in forming emotional connections and shaping fan behavior. The study concludes that K-Pop operates as a dynamic cultural force challenging norm, with fan engagement playing a pivotal role in dissemination, societal impact, shaping narratives, and addressing social issues. Originality is found in the holistic approach, theoretical frameworks, and a comprehensive survey, offering a distinctive understanding of the K-Pop phenomenon and its fan community.Publication Open Access Exploring Spain's economic history: navigating the nexus of sustainable tourism and crisis transformation(IGI Global, 2024) Benito-Lacuey, Andrea; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gómez Cámara, Irene; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen KudeaketaThis study examines Spain's economic history within the context of the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on sustainable tourism and economic transformation. It aims to comprehensively analyse the quantifiable impacts of both crises, delineate their characteristics, and evaluate governmental interventions in the tourism sector. The methodology comprises three sections: an in-depth analysis of tourism's influence on Spain's primary economic indicators, followed by an examination of three critical periods (the 2008 crisis, the "Inter-crisis Period" from 2014 to 2019, and the economic and public health crises of COVID-19). Findings highlight the crucial relationship between the tourism sector, gross domestic product (GDP), and employment, emphasising the importance of sustainable tourism in economic resilience. In conclusion, this study stresses the necessity of revitalising tourism to drive Spain's economic recovery, underscoring its pivotal role in the nation's economic history.Publication Open Access From reviews to reality: tourist perceptions of sustainability in the top 15 global sustainable hotels(Taylor & Francis, 2025-05-20) Boneta-Ruiz, Ainhoa; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gómez Cámara, Irene; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen KudeaketaThis study assesses tourists' perceptions of sustainability in hotels labelled as 'sustainable' by analysing 10,361 TripAdvisor online travel reviews. The goal is to address gaps in sustainable tourism literature and understand tourists' perspectives. Content analysis is applied to reviews from 15 of the world's most sustainable hotels on TripAdvisor. Analysing keywords aims to understand tourists' perceptions, emphasising the significance of online reviews and utilising rigorous Big Data analytics. Despite sustainability branding, tourists often overlook sustainable aspects in their reviews, revealing incongruity between industry perceptions and consumer awareness which emphasises the need for tailored marketing and management strategies. This study contributes to the existing literature by examining the tangible perception of sustainability in online reviews. It highlights a potential gap in tourists' understanding of sustainability and their ability to recognise its value. Additionally, it underscores the industry's insufficient emphasis on marketing strategies to effectively communicate hotels' sustainability features. The findings encourage sustainable hotels to adopt robust digital marketing strategies to enhance global visibility and promote their environmental initiatives. Ultimately, the study emphasises the critical role of marketing in shaping tourists' perceptions of sustainability.