Person:
Veiga Suárez, Fernando

Last Name

Veiga Suárez

First Name

Fernando

person.page.departamento

Ingeniería

ORCID

0000-0002-9311-8635

person.page.upna

811511

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 20

Open Access
Automatic trajectory determination in automated robotic welding considering weld joint symmetry
(MDPI, 2023) Curiel Braco, David; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Suárez, Alfredo; Villanueva Roldán, Pedro; Aldalur, Eider; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
The field of inspection for welded structures is currently in a state of rapid transformation driven by a convergence of global technological, regulatory, and economic factors. This evolution is propelled by several key drivers, including the introduction of novel materials and welding processes, continuous advancements in inspection technologies, innovative approaches to weld acceptance code philosophy and certification procedures, growing demands for cost-effectiveness and production quality, and the imperative to extend the lifespan of aging structures. Foremost among the challenges faced by producers today is the imperative to meet customer demands, which entails addressing both their explicit and implicit needs. Furthermore, the integration of emerging materials and technologies necessitates the exploration of fresh solutions. These solutions aim to enhance inspection process efficiency while providing precise quantitative insights into defect identification and location. To this end, our project proposes cutting-edge technologies, some of which have yet to gain approval within the sector. Noteworthy among these innovations is the integration of vision systems into welding robots, among other solutions. This paper introduces a groundbreaking algorithm for tool path selection, leveraging profile scanning and the concept of joint symmetry. The application of symmetry principles for trajectory determination represents a pioneering approach within this expansive field.
Open Access
Weld joint reconstruction and classification algorithm for trajectory generation in robotic welding
(Trans Tech Publications, 2023) Curiel Braco, David; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Suárez, Alfredo; Villanueva Roldán, Pedro; Aldalur, Eider; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
Open Access
Effect of the heat input on wire-arc additive manufacturing of invar 36 alloy: microstructure and mechanical properties
(Springer, 2022) Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Suárez, Alfredo; Artaza, Teresa; Aldalur, Eider; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Invar, also known as FeNi36, is a material of great interest due to its unique properties, which makes it an excellent alternative for sectors such as tooling in aeronautics and aerospace. Its manufacture by means of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology could extend its use. This paper aims to evaluate the comparison of two of the most widespread WAAM technologies: plasma arc welding (PAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW). This comparison is based on the analysis of wall geometry, metallography, and mechanical properties of the material produced by both technologies. The results show a slight increase in toughness and elongation before fracture and worse tensile strength data in the case of PAW, with average values of 485 MPa for ultimate tensile strength (UTS), 31% for elongation and 475 MPa, 40% in GMAW and PAW, respectively. All results gathered from the analysis show the possibility of successful manufacturing of Invar by means of WAAM technologies. The novelties presented in this paper allow us to establish relationships between the thermal input of the process itself and the mechanical and metallographic properties of the material produced.
Open Access
Validation of the mechanical behavior of an aeronautical fixing turret produced by a design for additive manufacturing (DfAM)
(MDPI, 2022) Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Bhujangrao, Trunal; Suárez, Alfredo; Aldalur, Eider; Goenaga, Igor; Gil Hernández, Daniel; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
The design of parts in such critical sectors as the manufacturing of aeronautical parts is awaiting a paradigm shift due to the introduction of additive manufacturing technologies. The manufacture of parts designed by means of the design-oriented additive manufacturing methodology (DfAM) has acquired great relevance in recent years. One of the major gaps in the application of these technologies is the lack of studies on the mechanical behavior of parts manufactured using this methodology. This paper focuses on the manufacture of a turret for the clamping of parts for the aeronautical industry. The design of the lightened turret by means of geometry optimization, the manufacture of the turret in polylactic acid (PLA) and 5XXX series aluminum alloy by means of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) technology and the analysis by means of finite element analysis (FEA) with its validation by means of a tensile test are presented. The behavior of the part manufactured with both materials is compared. The conclusion allows to establish which are the limitations of the part manufactured in PLA for its orientation to the final application, whose advantages are its lower weight and cost. This paper is novel as it presents a holistic view that covers the process in an integrated way from the design and manufacture to the behaviour of the component in use.
Open Access
Three-dimensional finite element modelling of sheet metal forming for the manufacture of pipe components: symmetry considerations
(MDPI, 2022) Bhujangrao, Trunal; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Penalva Oscoz, Mariluz; Costas, Adriana; Favieres Ruiz, Cristina; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
The manufacture of parts by metal forming is a widespread technique in sectors such as oil and gas and automotives. It is therefore important to make a research effort to know the correct set of parameters that allow the manufacture of correct parts. This paper presents a process analysis by means of the finite element model. The use case presented in this paper is that of a 3-m diameter pipe component with a thickness of 22 mm. In this type of application, poor selection of process conditions can result in parts that are out of tolerance, both in dimensions and shape. A 3D finite element model is made, and the symmetry of the tube section generated in 2D is analysed. As a novelty, an analysis of the process correction as a function of the symmetrical deformation of the material in this case in the form of a pipe is carried out. The results show a correct fitting of the model and give guidelines for manufacturing.
Open Access
Machine learning-based analysis engine to identify critical variables in multi-stage processes: application to the installation of blind fasteners
(Publicaciones Dyna S.L., 2020) Murua Etxeberría, Maialen; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Ortega Lalmolda, Juan Antonio; Penalva Oscoz, Mariluz; Díez Oliván, Alberto; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
Quality control in manufacturing is a recurrent topic as the ultimate goals are to produce high quality products with less cost. Mostly, the problems related to manufacturing processes are addressed focusing on the process itself putting aside other operations that belong to the part’s history. This research work presents a Machine Learning-based analysis engine for nonexpert users which identifies relationships among variables throughout the manufacturing line. The developed tool was used to analyze the installation of blind fasteners in aeronautical structures, with the aim of identifying critical variables for the quality of the installed fastener, throughout the fastening and drilling stages. The results provide evidence that drilling stage affects to the fastening, especially to the formed head’s diameter. Also, the most critical phase in fastening, which is when the plastic deformation occurs, was identified. The results also revealed that the chosen process parameters, thickness of the plate and the faster type influence on the quality of the installed fastener.
Open Access
Wall fabrication by direct energy deposition (DED) combining mild steel (ER70) and stainless steel (SS 316L): microstructure and mechanical properties
(MDPI, 2022) Uralde Jiménez, Virginia; Suárez, Alfredo; Aldalur, Eider; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Ballesteros Egüés, Tomás; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
Direct energy deposition is gaining much visibility in research as one of the most adaptable additive manufacturing technologies for industry due to its ease of application and high deposition rates. The possibility of combining these materials to obtain parts with variable mechanical properties is an important task to be studied. The combination of two types of steel, mild steel ER70-6 and stainless steel SS 316L, for the fabrication of a wall by direct energy deposition was studied for this paper. The separate fabrication of these two materials was studied for the microstructurally flawless fabrication of bimetallic walls. As a result of the application of superimposed and overlapped strategies, two walls were fabricated and the microstructure, mechanical properties and hardness of the resulting walls are analyzed. The walls obtained with both strategies present dissimilar regions; the hardness where the most present material is ER70-6 is around 380 HV, and for SS 316L, it is around 180 HV. The average values of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) are 869 and 628 MPa, yield strength (YS) are 584 and 389 MPa and elongation at break are 20% and 36%, respectively, in the cases where we have more ER70-6 in the sample than SS 316L. This indicates an important relationship between the distribution of the materials and their mechanical behavior.
Open Access
Application-oriented data analytics in large-scale metal sheet bending
(MDPI, 2023) Penalva Oscoz, Mariluz; Martín, Ander; Martínez, Víctor; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Gil del Val, Alain; Ballesteros Egüés, Tomás; Favieres Ruiz, Cristina; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
The sheet-metal-forming process is crucial in manufacturing various products, including pipes, cans, and containers. Despite its significance, controlling this complex process is challenging and may lead to defects and inefficiencies. This study introduces a novel approach to monitor the sheet-metal-forming process, specifically focusing on the rolling of cans in the oil-and-gas sector. The methodology employed in this work involves the application of temporal-signal-processing and artificial-intelligence (AI) techniques for monitoring and optimizing the manufacturing process. Temporal-signal-processing techniques, such as Markov transition fields (MTFs), are utilized to transform time series data into images, enabling the identification of patterns and anomalies. synamic time warping (DTW) aligns time series data, accommodating variations in speed or timing across different rolling processes. K-medoids clustering identifies representative points, characterizing distinct phases of the rolling process. The results not only demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework in monitoring the rolling process but also lay the foundation for the practical application of these methodologies. This allows operators to work with a simpler characterization source, facilitating a more straightforward interpretation of the manufacturing process.
Open Access
Methodology for the path definition in multi-layer gas metal arc welding (GMAW)
(MDPI, 2023) Curiel Braco, David; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Suárez, Alfredo; Villanueva Roldán, Pedro; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
The reconstruction of the geometry of weld-deposited materials plays an important role in the control of the torch path in GMAW. This technique, which is classified as a direct energy deposition technology, is experiencing a new emergence due to its use in welding and additive manufacturing. Usually, the torch path is determined by computerised fabrication tools, but these software tools do not consider the geometrical changes along the case during the process. The aim of this work is to adaptively define the trajectories between layers by analysing the geometry and symmetry of previously deposited layers. The novelty of this work is the integration of a profiling laser coupled to the production system, which scans the deposited layers. Once the layer is scanned, the geometry of the deposited bead can be reconstructed and the symmetry in the geometry and a continuous trajectory can be determined. A wall was fabricated under demanding deposition conditions, and a surface quality of around 100 microns and mechanical properties in line with those previously reported in the literature are observed.
Open Access
Modeling of cutting force and final thickness for low stiffness 2024-T3 aluminum alloy part milling considering its geometry and fixtures
(Elsevier, 2022) Casuso, Mikel; Rubio Mateos, Antonio; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Lamikiz, Aitzol; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
The aeronautic industry is facing many challenges regarding the lifetime, weight and accuracy that aircraft skins must comply to meet stringent structural and aerodynamic requirements. Currently, mechanical milling of aircraft skin parts of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy is displacing the highly pollutant chemical milling. Consequently, flexible and reconfigurable vacuum holding fixtures are being increasingly employed, because they are adaptable to several part geometries, but, since their rigidity is extremely reduced, the low stiffness of parts limits severely their deployment. Aiming to harness the full potential of these holding systems for aluminum alloy skin parts, a complete analysis of final thickness achieved and cutting force is developed. Thin floor parts of different geometries are pocket milled, simply screwed at their corners, emulating a skin part supported by four vacuum cups. Process forces are continuously monitored, and final thickness is measured. It has been proven that the reduction of mass and stiffness during milling causes a corresponding reduction of the natural frequencies of the parts. Also, as long as natural frequencies are not excited, final thickness error is almost constant and not affected by the tool position, but only by the initial geometry and fixtures distribution of the part. Additionally, a new cutting force model for skin parts is empirically calculated. Unlike models designed for fully supported parts, this model is designed for skins held in flexible fixtures. It has a relative error of 5.6% and it allows to optimize the trajectory, geometry and support distribution, thus boosting the use of flexible fixtures.