Veiga Suárez, Fernando

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https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/50144

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Veiga Suárez

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Fernando

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Ingeniería

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0000-0002-9311-8635

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88892

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811511

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2021 - 20243
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Author: Veiga Suárez, Fernando × Subject: Additive manufacturing monitoring ×

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    PublicationOpen Access
    Wire arc additive manufacturing of invar parts: bead geometry and melt pool monitoring
    (Elsevier, 2022-02-15) Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Suárez, Alfredo; Aldalur, Eider; Artaza, Teresa; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
    Additive manufacturing processes using the direct energy deposition method, one of which is the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), have gained much attention in the scientific community over the last decade. The application of WAAM to Invar, an iron-nickel and manganese alloy, with a low amount of chromium carbon, also called FeNi36 or Nivarox has been the subject of various reports due to its challenging nature. This paper utilizes and unifies research material previously investigated in this technology, taking a new approach based on the study of symmetrical phenomena that guarantee the quality of the process. On the one hand, a method of analysis of the geometry of the manufactured wall is presented based on its symmetrical quality which guarantees the maximum use of material and, on the other hand, the monitoring of the symmetry of the melting pool utilizing thermography techniques.
  • Thumbnail Image
    PublicationOpen Access
    The use of virtual sensors for bead size measurements in wire-arc directed energy deposition
    (MDPI, 2024) Fernández Zabalza, Aitor; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Suárez, Alfredo; Alfaro López, José Ramón; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
    Having garnered significant attention in the scientific community over the past decade, wire-arc directed energy deposition (arc-DED) technology is at the heart of this investigation into additive manufacturing parameters. Singularly focused on Invar as the selected material, the primary objective revolves around devising a virtual sensor for the indirect size measurement of the bead. This innovative methodology involves the seamless integration of internal signals and sensors, enabling the derivation of crucial measurements sans the requirement for direct physical interaction or conventional measurement methodologies. The internal signals recorded, the comprising voltage, the current, the energy from the welding heat source generator, the wire feed speed from the feeding system, the traverse speed from the machine axes, and the temperature from a pyrometer located in the head were all captured through the control of the machine specially dedicated to the arc-DED process during a phase of optimizing and modeling the bead geometry. Finally, a feedforward neural network (FNN), also known as a multi-layer perceptron (MLP), is designed, with the internal signals serving as the input and the height and width of the bead constituting the output. Remarkably cost-effective, this solution circumvents the need for intricate measurements and significantly contributes to the proper layer-by-layer growth process. Furthermore, a neural network model is implemented with a test loss of 0.144 and a test accuracy of 1.0 in order to predict weld bead geometry based on process parameters, thus offering a promising approach for real-time monitoring and defect detection.
  • Thumbnail Image
    PublicationOpen Access
    Effect of the metal transfer mode on the symmetry of bead geometry in WAAM aluminum
    (MDPI, 2021) Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Suárez, Alfredo; Aldalur, Eider; Bhujangrao, Trunal; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza
    The symmetrical nature in the case of wall fabrication by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has been observed in the literature, but it has not been studied as a source of knowledge. This paper focuses on the comparative study of three drop transfer methods employing Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) technology, one of the most reported for the manufacture of aluminum alloys. The transfer modes studied are the well-known pulsed GMAW, cold arc, and the newer pulsed AC. The novelty of the last transfer mode is the reversal of the polarity during the preparation phase of the substance for droplet deposition. This study compares the symmetry of zero beads to deter-mine the best parameters and transfer modes for wire arc additive manufacturing of 5 series aluminum. The pulsed transfer modes show values of 0.6 for symmetry ratio, which makes them more interesting strategies than cold arc with a symmetry ratio of 0.5. Furthermore, the methodology proposed in this study can be extrapolated to other materials manufactured with this technology.