Murillo Pérez, Rosa
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Murillo Pérez
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Rosa
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Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación
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IMAB. Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology
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Publication Open Access Occlusion body pathogenicity, virulence and productivity traits vary with transmission strategy in a nucleopolyhedrovirus(Elservier, 2011-10-25) Cabodevilla de Andrés, Oihana; Ibáñez Elosua, Itxaso; Simón de Goñi, Oihane; Murillo Pérez, Rosa; Caballero Murillo, Primitivo; Williams, Trevor; Producción Agraria; Nekazaritza Ekoizpena; IdAB. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología / Agrobioteknologiako InstitutuaThe prevalence of sublethal infections of Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) was quantified in natural populations of S. exigua in Almería, Spain, during 2006 and 2007. Of 1045 adults collected, 167 (16.1%) proved positive for viral polyhedrin gene transcripts by RT-PCR. The prevalence of covert infection varied significantly according to sex and sample date. Of 1660 progeny of field-collected insects, lethal disease was observed in 10¿33% of offspring of transcript-positive females and 9¿49% of offspring of transcript-negative females. Isolates associated with vertically transmitted infections were characterized by restriction endonuclease analysis using BglII or EcoRV and compared with isolates originating from greenhouse soil-substrate believed to be horizontally transmitted. Insects from a sublethally infected Almerian colony were between 2.3-fold and 4.6-fold more susceptible to infection than healthy insects from a Swiss colony, depending on isolate. Horizontally transmitted isolates were significantly more pathogenic than vertically transmitted isolates in insects from both colonies. Mean speed of kill in second instars (Swiss colony) varied between isolates by >20 h, whereas mean occlusion body (OB) production in fourth instars (Swiss colony) varied by 3.8-fold among isolates. Intriguingly, all three horizontally transmitted isolates were very similar in speed of kill and OB production, whereas all three vertically transmitted isolates differed significantly from one another in both variables, and also differed significantly from the group of horizontally transmitted isolates in speed of kill (one isolate) or both variables (two isolates). We conclude that key pathogenicity and virulence traits of SeMNPV isolates vary according to their principal transmission strategy.Publication Open Access Gender-mediated differences in vertical transmission of a nucleopolyhedrovirus(Public Library of Science, 2013) Virto Garayoa, Cristina; Zárate Chaves, Carlos Andrés; López Ferber, Miguel; Murillo Pérez, Rosa; Caballero Murillo, Primitivo; Williams, Trevor; Nekazaritza Ekoizpena; Producción Agraria; IdAB. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología / Agrobioteknologiako InstitutuaWith the development of sensitive molecular techniques for detection of low levels of asymptomatic pathogens, it becoming clear that vertical transmission is a common feature of some insect pathogenic viruses, and likely to be essential to virus survival when opportunities for horizontal transmission are unfavorable. Vertical transmission of Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) is common in natural populations of S. exigua. To assess whether gender affected transgenerational virus transmission, four mating group treatments were performed using healthy and sublethally infected insects: i) healthy males (H=)6healthy females (HR); ii) infected males (I=)6healthy females (HR); iii) healthy males (H=)6infected females (IR) and iv) infected males (I=)6infected females (IR). Experimental adults and their offspring were analyzed by qPCR to determine the prevalence of infection. Both males and females were able to transmit the infection to the next generation, although female-mediated transmission resulted in a higher prevalence of infected offspring. Malemediated venereal transmission was half as efficient as maternally-mediated transmission. Egg surface decontamination studies indicated that the main route of transmission is likely transovarial rather than transovum. Both male and female offspring were infected by their parents in similar proportions. Incorporating vertically-transmitted genotypes into virusbased insecticides could provide moderate levels of transgenerational pest control, thereby extending the periods between bioinsecticide applications.