Person: García Lorente, José Antonio
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García Lorente
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José Antonio
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Ingeniería
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InaMat2. Instituto de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados y Matemáticas
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0000-0002-2252-2411
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3670
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Publication Open Access Improvement of the tribocorrosion properties of cemented carbide (WC-Tic-Co) samples with PVD coating(MDPI, 2022) García Lorente, José Antonio; Claver Alba, Adrián; Marques, Mikel; Almandoz Sánchez, Eluxka; Fernández de Ara, Jonathan; Azkona, Ibon; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2This study aims to investigate the improvement of the tribocorrosion properties of WC-TiC-Co substrates by coating them with hard coatings such as AlCrSiN using cathodic arc deposition. WC-TiC-Co is commonly used in the fabrication of machining and cutting tools; however, there are some materials such as titanium or stainless steel that are difficult to work with; furthermore, in aggressive environments or under high temperatures the performance of the machining tools can be affected, and a failure may occur. This coating is intended to ensure the correct performance of the tools in any conditions. The coatings were characterized by glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Tribocorrosion, tribology and corrosion tests were performed to evaluate the tribocorrosion properties of the samples. Furthermore, mechanical and adhesive properties of the coating were studied using scratch and nanoindentation tests. The results showed improved tribocorrosion properties in the samples combined with good adhesive and mechanical properties. These results show the possibility of using these coated materials in the most demanding cutting and machining applications.Publication Open Access Antibacterial functionalization of PVD coatings on ceramics(MDPI, 2018) Osés Martínez de Zúñiga, Javier; García Fuentes, Gonzalo; García Lorente, José Antonio; Rodríguez Trías, Rafael; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; IngenieríaThe application of surface treatments that incorporate silver or copper as antibacterial elements has become a common practice for a wide variety of medical devices and materials because of their effective activity against nosocomial infections. Ceramic tiles are choice materials for cladding the floors and walls of operation rooms and other hospital spaces. This study is focused on the deposition of biocide physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings on glazed ceramic tiles. The objective was to provide antibacterial activity to the surfaces without worsening their mechanical properties. Silver and copper-doped chromium nitride (CrN) and titanium nitride (TiN) coatings were deposited on samples of tiles. A complete characterization was carried out in order to determine the composition and structure of the coatings, as well as their topographical and mechanical properties. The distribution of Ag and Cu within the coating was analyzed using glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD-OES) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Roughness, microhardness, and scratch resistance were measured for all of the combinations of coatings and dopants, as well as their wettability. Finally, tests of antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were carried out, showing that all of the doped coatings had pronounced biocide activity.Publication Open Access A comparative study in the tribological behavior of DLC coatings deposited by HiPIMS technology with positive pulses(MDPI, 2020) García Lorente, José Antonio; Rivero Fuente, Pedro J.; Barba Areso, Eneko; Fernández, Iván; Santiago, José A.; Fuente, Gonzalo G.; Rodríguez Trías, Rafael; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; IngenieríaDuring the last few decades, diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings were widely used for tribological applications, being an effective tool for improving the performance and the useful life of different machining tools. Despite its excellent properties, among which stand out a high hardness, a very low friction coefficient, and even an excellent wear resistance, one of the main drawbacks which limits its corresponding industrial applicability is the resultant adhesion in comparison with other commercially available deposition techniques. In this work, it is reported the tribological results of a scratch test, wear resistance, and nanoindentation of ta-C and WC:C DLC coatings deposited by means of a novel high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technology with 'positive pulses'. The coatings were deposited on 1.2379 tool steel which is of a high interest due to its great and wide industrial applicability. Finally, experimental results showed a considerable improvement in the tribological properties such as wear resistance and adhesion of both types of DLC coatings. In addition, it was also observed that the role of doping with W enables a significant enhancement on the adhesion for extremely high critical loads in the scratch tests.Publication Open Access Influence of friction coefficient on the performance of cold forming tools(MDPI, 2023) Barba Areso, Eneko; Salcedo Pérez, Daniel; Claver Alba, Adrián; Luri Irigoyen, Rodrigo; García Lorente, José Antonio; Ingeniería; IngeniaritzaThe automotive industry has undergone significant advancements and changes over time, resulting in the use of more complex parts in modern vehicles. As a consequence, the parts used in the manufacturing process are subject to higher stress levels, which reduce their service life. To mitigate this issue, surface treatments can be applied to improve the mechanical properties of the tools. In this study, we examined the impact of surface treatments on reducing tool stress during a cold forming process. The process involved reducing the thickness of a sheet from 6 mm to 2.5 mm, which generated high stresses in the tooling. We used finite element stress calculations to analyze the process and found that by reducing the friction coefficient to 0.1, tool stresses can be reduced by 20%, leading to an increase in tool life. Moreover, the press force and tool wear were also reduced by 18%. To validate the theoretical calculations, we performed field tests in a real manufacturing process.Publication Open Access ADDISC lumbar disc prosthesis: analytical and FEA testing of novel implants(Elsevier, 2023) Vanaclocha, Amparo; Vanaclocha, Vicente; Atienza, Carlos M.; Jordá Gómez, Pablo; Díaz Jiménez, Cristina; García Lorente, José Antonio; Sáiz Sapena, Nieves; Vanaclocha, Leyre; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2The intact intervertebral disc is a six-freedom degree elastic deformation structure with shock absorption. “Ball-and-socket” TDR do not reproduce these properties inducing zygapophyseal joint overload. Elastomeric TDRs reproduce better normal disc kinematics, but repeated core deformation causes its degeneration. We aimed to create a new TDR (ADDISC) reproducing healthy disc features. We designed TDR, analyzed (Finite Element Analysis), and measured every 500,000 cycles for 10 million cycles of the flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation cyclic compression bench-testing. In the inlay case, we weighted it and measured its deformation. ADDISC has two semi-spherical articular surfaces, one rotation centre for flexion, another for extension, the third for lateral bending, and a polycarbonate urethane inlay providing shock absorption. The first contact is between PCU and metal surfaces. There is no metal-metal contact up to 2000 N, and CoCr28Mo6 absorbs the load. After 10 million cycles at 1.2–2.0 kN loads, wear 140.96 mg (35.50 mm3 ), but no implant failures. Our TDR has a physiological motion range due to its articular surfaces’ shape and the PCU inlay bumpers, minimizing the facet joint overload. ADDISC mimics healthy disc biomechanics and Instantaneous Rotation Center, absorbs shock, reduces wear, and has excellent long-term endurancePublication Open Access Improved adhesion and tribological properties of altin-tisin coatings deposited by dcms and hipims on nitrided tool steels(MDPI, 2021) Claver Alba, Adrián; Randulfe Ceballos, Jesús José; Fernández de Ara, Jonathan; Almandoz Sánchez, Eluxka; Montalá, Francesc; Colominas, Carles; Cot, Víctor; García Lorente, José Antonio; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; IngenieríaHard coatings, such as AlTiN-TiSiN, deposited by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) techniques are widely used in industrial applications to protect and increase the lifetime of industrial components, such as cutting tools, dies, and forming tools. Despite their great properties, such as high hardness and wear and oxidation resistance, they are limited in cases of severe conditions due to the poor adhesion between the coating and the substrate. Duplex treatments have commonly been used to improve the adhesive properties of PVD coatings, especially those of the cathodic arc evaporation type. The purpose of this study is to achieve coatings with the good properties of the Magnetron Sputtering processes but with higher adhesion than that achieved with these techniques, thus achieving coatings that can be used under the most severe conditions. In this work, an AlTiN-TiSiN coating was deposited by a combination of DC Magnetron Sputtering (DCMS) and High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) after a gas nitriding pretreatment on 1.2379 and Vanadis 4 tool steels. Mechanical (ultra-microhardness and scratch tests) and tribological tests were carried out to study the improvement in the properties of the coating. Duplex-treated samples showed improved adhesion between the coating and the substrate, with second critical load (Lc2) values greater than 100 N. Furthermore, they showed great toughness and wear resistance. These results show that this type of coating technique could be used in the most extreme applications and that they can compete with other techniques and coatings that to date they have not been able to compete with.Publication Open Access Improved adhesion of the DCL coating using HiPIMS with positive pulses and plasma immersion pretreatment(MDPI, 2021) Gómez Alonso, Íñigo; Santiago, José A.; Fernández, Iván; Diaz, Cristina; Mändl, Stephan; García Lorente, José Antonio; Claver Alba, Adrián; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Ingeniería; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua, 0011-1408-2018-000000Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are used due to their extraordinary tribomechanical properties, great hardness, high elastic modulus, high wear resistance, low friction coefficient and chemical inertness, which provide them with biocompatibility. Compared to other physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings of transition nitrides and carbonitrides, DLC has limited adhesion, so it is necessary to develop new techniques to overcome this limitation. This work reports the results of scratch testing for the measurement of adhesion and of tests for wear resistance and nanoindentation in AISI 316L stainless steel coated with a WC:C coating, produced using novel high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technology with positive pulses. In addition, the use of a preceding surface modification technique, specifically plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII), was studied with the aim of optimizing the adhesion of the coating. The results show how the coating improved the tribomechanical properties through the use of positive pulse HiPIMS compared to conventional HiPIMS, with an adhesion result that reached critical load values of 48.5 N and a wear coefficient of 3.96 × 10−7 mm3/nm.Publication Open Access Biodegradable magnesium alloys for personalised temporary implants(MDPI, 2023) Hendea, Radu Emil; Raducanu, Doina; Claver Alba, Adrián; García Lorente, José Antonio; Cojocaru, Vasile Danut; Nocivin, Anna; Stanciu, Doina; Serban, Nicolae; Ivanescu, Steliana; Trisca-Rusu, Corneliu; Campian, Radu Septimiu; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2The objective of this experimental work was to examine and characterise the route for obtaining demonstrative temporary biodegradable personalised implants from the Mg alloy Mg10Zn-0.5Zr-0.8Ca (wt.%). This studied Mg alloy was obtained in its powder state using the mechanical alloying method, with shape and size characteristics suitable for ensuing 3D additive manufacturing using the SLM (selective laser melting) procedure. The SLM procedure was applied to various processing parameters. All obtained samples were characterised microstructurally (using XRD—Xray diffraction, and SEM—scanning electron microscopy); mechanically, by applying a compression test; and, finally, from a corrosion resistance viewpoint. Using the optimal test processing parameters, a few demonstrative temporary implants of small dimensions were made via the SLM method. Our conclusion is that mechanical alloying combined with SLM processing has good potential to manage 3D additive manufacturing for personalised temporary biodegradable implants of magnesium alloys. The compression tests show results closer to those of human bones compared to other potential metallic alloys. The applied corrosion test shows result comparable with that of the commercial magnesium alloy ZK60.Publication Open Access Study of the industrial application of diamond-like carbon coatings deposited on advanced tool steels(MDPI, 2024) Barba Areso, Eneko; Claver Alba, Adrián; Montalá, Francesc; Luis Pérez, Carmelo; Sala, Neus; Colominas, Carles; García Lorente, José Antonio; Ingeniería; IngeniaritzaThe utilization of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the performance, durability, and functionality of industrial tools and components. Recognized for their exceptional attributes such as hardness, wear resistance, low friction, and biocompatibility, DLC coatings have achieved widespread acclaim for their potential to improve the capabilities of tool steels for different applications. This present study shows a comprehensive investigation into the application of DLC coatings on a diverse range of tool steel substrates, encompassing 1.2379, 1.2358, Caldie, K340, HWS, and Vanadis 4. The main aim is to show the effects of DLC coatings on these substrates and to provide an in-depth analysis of their properties during forming processes. Furthermore, this study explores the practical utilization of DLC-coated tool steel components, with a particular focus on their role in cold forming dies. Additionally, the study reviews the application of duplex treatments involving plasma nitriding to enhance DLC coating performance. To sum up, this study pursues a threefold objective: to investigate DLC coatings’ performance on diverse tool steel substrates; to assess the potential for improvement through nitriding; and to evaluate the behavior of DLC coatings in the cold stamping of S235 steel, which is of great technological and industrial interest to the cold forging sector.Publication Open Access Adhesion enhancement on a duplex DLC HiPIMS positive pulse doating performed by active screen plasma nitriding pretreatment on 316L stainless steel substrate(Hindawi, 2022) Gómez Alonso, Íñigo; García Lorente, José Antonio; Santiago, José A.; Fernández, Iván; Braceras, Íñigo; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako GobernuaDiamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings have been the object of research interest due to properties such as excellent wear resistance, low coefficient of friction, high hardness, high elastic modulus, and biocompatibility. Despite this, DLC has poor adhesion properties, which makes it challenging to use in industrial applications. The application of DLC using the high-power pulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technique with positive pulses has been studied. Seeking greater DLC coating adherence, the application of a nitriding pretreatment prior to the DLC coating has been studied to improve its adhesion to AISI316L stainless steel soft metal substrates, employing active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN). The influence of the different pretreatment temperatures to reach the maximum levels of adhesion has been analyzed. Scratch methods have been employed to assess adhesion. The elemental composition, morphology, and roughness of the samples have been studied, as well as the behavior of resistance to wear and friction. The results show an improvement in DCL adhesion. Critical loads (LC3) increase at higher pretreatment temperatures, from 48 N for the DLC to 82 N for the ASPN + DLC. Pretreatment has also been shown to be effective in maintaining excellent dry wear resistance properties and a low coefficient of friction.