Person: Fernández-Montalvo, Javier
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Fernández-Montalvo
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Javier
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Ciencias de la Salud
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0000-0001-5946-1934
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2050
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Publication Open Access Therapeutic progression in abused women following a drug-addiction treatment program(SAGE Publications, 2017) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; López-Goñi, José Javier; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; Azanza Álvarez, Paula; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaThis study explored the prevalence of victims of abuse and the therapeutic progression among women who sought treatment for drug addiction. A sample of 180 addicted Spanish women was assessed. Information was collected on the patients’ lifetime history of abuse (psychological, physical and/or sexual), socio-demographic factors, consumption variables and psychological symptoms. Of the total sample, 74.4% (n = 134) of the addicted women had been victims of abuse. Psychological abuse affected 66.1% (n = 119) of the patients, followed by physical abuse (51.7%; n = 93) and sexual abuse (31.7%; n = 57). Compared with patients who had not been abused, the addicted women with histories of victimisation scored significantly higher on several EuropASI and psychological variables. Specifically, physical abuse and sexual abuse were related to higher levels of severity of addiction. Regarding therapeutic progression, the highest rate of dropout was observed among victims of sexual abuse (63.5%; n = 33), followed by victims of physical abuse (48.9%; n = 23). Multivariate analysis showed that medical and family areas of the EuropASI, as well as violence problems and suicide ideation, were the main variables related to physical and/or sexual abuse. Moreover, women without abuse and with fewer family problems presented the higher probability of treatment completion. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are discussed.Publication Open Access Male batterers with and without psychopathy: an exploratory study in Spanish prisons(SAGE Publications, 2007) Echeburúa, Enrique; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaThe aim of this study was to analyze the differential profile of male batterers in prison with and without psychopathy. The sample consisted of 162 perpetrators sentenced for a serious offence against their intimate partner. The prevalence of psychopathy or psychopathic traits, established according to the PCL-R, was about 12%. The psychopathic batterers were younger, more impulsive and suspicious, less empathetic and with lower self-esteem than non-psychopathic batterer. However, the psychopathic batterers were not engaged in intimate femicide more often than the non-psychopathic batterers. The severity of the crime was similar in both groups, so it may be attributed to other variables (e.g., substance abuse, intoxication at the time of the offense, violence history, jealousy, etc.). Implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are commented on.Publication Open Access Violent behaviours in drug addiction: differential profiles of drug-addicted patients with and without violence problems(SAGE Publications, 2012) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; López-Goñi, José Javier; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaThis study explored the prevalence of violent behaviours in patients who are addicted to drugs. A sample of 252 addicted patients (203 male and 49 female) who sought outpatient treatment was assessed. Information on violent behaviours, socio-demographic factors, consumption factors (assessed by the EuropAsi), psychopathological factors (assessed by SCL-90-R) and personality variables (assessed by MCMI-II) was collected. Drug-addicted patients who were associated with violent behaviours were compared on all variables to patients who were not associated with violent behaviours. The rate of drug-addicted patients with violent behaviours in this sample was 39.68% (n=100). There were significant differences between the numbers of patients who did and did not demonstrate violence on some variables. Patients with violence problems were younger than those without violence problems and were more likely to report having been a victim of abuse. Moreover, they were significantly more likely to have experienced an overdose and showed a significantly higher score on several EuropAsi, SCL-90-R and MCMI-II variables. According to these results, patients with violence control problems present with both a more severe addiction and several comorbid problems. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are discussed.Publication Open Access Differential profile of addicted patients depending on violent behaviours and/or criminal acts(Taylor & Francis, 2015) López-Goñi, José Javier; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaThis study explored the prevalence of violent and/or criminal behaviours in drug-addicted patients. A sample of 252 drug-addicted patients who sought treatment was assessed. Information on violent behaviours, criminal acts, socio-demographic factors, consumption factors, psychopathological factors and personality variables was collected. The sample was divided into four groups according to the presence of violence and/or criminal behaviours. There were significant differences between the groups on some variables. In general, patients associated with both violence and criminal behaviours showed a greater severity in drug consumption and maladjustment variables, as well as a higher rate of treatment dropout and re-entry.Publication Open Access Comorbilidad psicopatológica en el alcoholismo: un estudio descriptivo(Asociacion Española de Psicología Conductual, 2006) Landa González, Natalia; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; López-Goñi, José Javier; Lorea Conde, Iñaki; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaEn este estudio se lleva a cabo un análisis del perfil de bebida y de la comorbilidad psicopatológica en 50 pacientes alcohólicos que acuden en busca de tratamiento a un programa ambulatorio de Proyecto Hombre de Navarra. Para ello, se lleva a cabo un estudio ex post facto, de carácter retrospectivo y con un grupo cuasi control. Se utilizan los criterios diagnósticos del DSM-IV-TR para la dependencia alcohólica, el Müncher Alkoholismus Test (MALT), para valorar la gravedad del alcoholismo, y el SCL-90-R, como medida de la sintomatología asociada. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la presencia de numerosa sintomatología psicopatológica, con elevaciones significativas en la mayoría de las dimensiones del SCL-90-R, tanto en los hombres como en las mujeres de la muestra. La comparación con las muestras normativas refleja que los alcohólicos de la muestra presentan más síntomas psicopatológicos que la población normal, pero menos que la población psiquiátrica. Asimismo, la gravedad del alcoholismo se relaciona de forma significativa con la mayor presencia e intensidad de comorbilidad. Por último, se comentan las implicaciones de este estudio para la práctica clínica y para la investigación futura.Publication Open Access Variables de inteligencia y de personalidad de los jugadores patológicos de máquinas tragaperras: un estudio descriptivo(Fundación VECA para el Avance de la Psicología Clínica Conductual, 1999) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Echeburúa, Enrique; Báez, Concepción; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaEn este trabajo se presenta una descripción minuciosa de las características de inteligencia y de personalidad de 69 jugadores patológicos de máquinas tragaperras en tratamiento. Los resultados indican un nivel de inteligencia medio. A nivel de personalidad, los jugadores patológicos son significativamente más impulsivos, con mayor grado de neuroticismo y con menor nivel de búsqueda de sensaciones en comparación con la población general. No se observan diferencias significativas en la dimensión de extraversión. Se comentan las implicaciones de este estudio para la investigación y la práctica clínica.Publication Open Access Pathological gambling and personality disorders: an exploratory study with the IPDE(Guilford Press, 2004) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Echeburúa, Enrique; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaIn this paper, the most frequent personality disorders related to pathological gambling are described. A sample of 50 pathological gamblers, who were assessed with the IPDE in the course of the pre-treatment assessment, and of 50 normative subjects from general population with the same demographic features (age, sex and socioeconomic level) was selected. According to the results, the 32% of clinical sample (versus the 8% of normative sample) showed at least one personality disorder. The most prevalent ones were the Borderline (16%), followed by the Antisocial, Paranoid, Narcissistic and Non specified (8% each one of them). Furthermore, the gamblers with personality disorders presented an average of 1.5 disorders. Gamblers with personality disorders showed a higher gambling severity and more severe symptoms of anxiety, depression and alcohol abuse. Finally, implications of this study for clinical practice and future research in this field are commented upon.Publication Open Access La psicopatología laboral: una disciplina olvidada en las relaciones entre la salud y el trabajo(Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, 2000) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaEn este artículo se describen los factores implicados en la salud mental en el trabajo y se analiza el concepto de psicopatología laboral. Asimismo, se hace una breve descripción de los diferentes trastornos psicológicos derivados de la actividad laboral, así como de los diferentes ámbitos de estudio por parte de la psicopatología del trabajo. Por último, se proponen algunas medidas preventivas en el campo de la salud mental laboral.Publication Open Access Repercusiones familiares del juego patológico: una revisión crítica(Instituto de Investigación de Drogodependencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 2004) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Castillo, Ainhoa; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta PedagogiaEn este trabajo se presenta un análisis de las principales repercusiones familiares del juego patológico. Se revisan los estudios sobre las consecuencias físicas y psicológicas observadas en la pareja –habitualmente, la mujer- del jugador, en los hijos y, en el caso de ludópatas adolescentes, en los padres. Los resultados de la revisión ponen de manifiesto que el impacto del juego patológico va más allá del paciente afectado y se observa la presencia de repercusiones concretas en los familiares cercanos. Sin embargo, los resultados obtenidos hasta la fecha no son concluyentes. Se carece de estudios empíricos rigurosos sobre este tema. Por último, se comentan las implicaciones clínicas de las repercusiones familiares para el tratamiento del juego patológico.Publication Open Access Substance use disorder and lifetime suicidal behaviour: a scoping review(Elsevier, 2024) Leza González, Leire; Haro Escribano, Begoña; López-Goñi, José Javier; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaBackground: Suicidal behaviours are prevalent in substance use disorder (SUD) patients. These behaviours have a negative impact on the psychopathological profile of these patients. However, few studies have evaluated suicide as a continuum (i.e. starting with ideation, followed by attempts and ending with death) and its evolution during treatment. The aim of this scoping review was to explore what is known about suicidal behaviour in individuals undergoing clinical treatment for SUD. Methods: The PsycINFO, Web of Science (Core Collection and MEDLINE), Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. After screening the records based on eligibility and exclusion criteria, 30 studies were ultimately selected for inclusion. Results: Most of the studies were conducted in the USA and Europe. Only three studies evaluated suicidal behaviour with a specific instrument. The prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI) in people being treated for SUD ranged from 20 % to 62.2 %, and the prevalence of suicide attempts (SA) ranged from 15.8 % to 52.1 %. Only one study reported death by suicide. Conclusions: Despite the high prevalence of suicidal behaviours and their harmful consequences, the assessment of this phenomenon is scarce and heterogeneous. There is a need to assess suicidal behaviour with standardized criteria in order to develop tailored SUD treatment.