Person:
Fernández-Montalvo, Javier

person.page.identifierURI

https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/49018

Last Name

Fernández-Montalvo

First Name

Javier

person.page.departamento

Ciencias de la Salud

ORCID

0000-0001-5946-1934

person.page.upna

2050

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 40

Open Access
Comorbilidad psicopatológica en la adicción a la cocaína: resultados con el SCL-90-R
(Fundación VECA para el Avance de la Psicología Clínica Conductual, 2008) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Lorea Conde, Iñaki; López-Goñi, José Javier; Landa González, Natalia; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
En este artículo se lleva a cabo un análisis del perfil de consumo y de la comorbilidad psicopatológica en 60 pacientes cocainómanos que acuden en busca de tratamiento a un programa ambulatorio de Proyecto Hombre de Navarra. Para la evaluación de los pacientes se utilizan los criterios diagnósticos del DSM-IV-TR para la dependencia alcohólica, el EuropASI, para valorar la gravedad de la dependencia, y el SCL-90-R, como medida de la sintomatología asociada. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la presencia de numerosa sintomatología psicopatológica, con elevaciones significativas en la mayoría de las dimensiones del SCL-90-R, tanto en los hombres como en las mujeres de la muestra. La comparación con las muestras normativas refleja que los cocainómanos de la muestra presentan más síntomas psicopatológicos que la población normal, pero menos que la población psiquiátrica. Por último, se comentan las implicaciones de este estudio para la práctica clínica y para la investigación futura.
Open Access
Are there more personality disorders in pathological gamblers than in other kind of patients? A comparative study with the IPDE and the MCMI-II
(Asociacion Española de Psicología Conductual, 2008) Echeburúa, Enrique; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
En este artículo se presenta un estudio ex post facto acerca de los trastornos de personalidad más frecuentemente asociados al juego patológico. Para ello se contó con una muestra de 150 sujetos (50 jugadores patológicos, 50 pacientes clínicos no aquejados de ningún trastorno adictivo y 50 sujetos sanos de la población normal, con las mismas características demográficas). Todos ellos fueron evaluados con el International Personality Disorders Examination (IPDE), el Inventario Clínico Multiaxial de Millon (MCMI-II), y el Cuestionario de Juego Patológico de South Oaks (SOGS). Los resultados obtenidos pusieron de manifiesto que el 32% de los jugadores patoló- gicos y el 16% de la muestra clínica (frente al 8% de la muestra procedente de la población normal sana) presentaba, al menos, un trastorno de personalidad. El trastorno de mayor prevalencia fue el trastorno límite de la personalidad (16%), seguido del trastorno antisocial, el narcisista y el no especificado (8% cada uno de ellos). Los dos instrumentos de evaluación utilizados para los trastornos de personalidad no mostraron una gran coincidencia ni en la tasa ni en el tipo concreto de trastornos de personalidad encontrados. Por último, se comentan las implicaciones de este estudio para la práctica clínica y para las investigaciones futuras.
Open Access
Suicidal attempts among patients with substance use disorders who present with suicidal ideation
(Elsevier, 2019) López-Goñi, José Javier; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Haro Escribano, Begoña; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Background and aims: Patients with addictions have a great risk of suicidal ideation and attempts. Suicidal behaviour is a continuum that begins with ideation and may continue with planning, attempts and suicide completion. Investigating the speciﬁc risk characteristics for suicidal attempts in patients with addiction pro- blems who present with suicidal ideation is crucial for developing prevention strategies. The main aims of this study were to determine the prevalence rate of suicide attempts among patients with lifetime suicidal ideation receiving treatment for addiction, and o explore the diﬀerential characteristics for suicide ideators with and without suicide attempts. Methods: A sample of 149 patients with suicidal ideation (110 male and 39 female) who sought treatment for addiction in a Spanish clinical centre was assessed. Measurements: Information concerning socio-demographic characteristics, addiction severity, and psycho- pathological symptoms was obtained. Results: In total, 39.6% of the patients had attempted suicide (95% Conﬁdence Interval: 32.1%–47.6%). Although all patients with suicidal behaviours presented a high severity in their addiction, patients with both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts showed a more severe addiction proﬁle and more maladjustment to ev- eryday life than patients with only suicidal ideation. Speciﬁcally, three psychopathological variables were re- lated to suicide attempts: worse psychiatric state, previous hospitalization for psychological problems, and history of delirium. Conclusions: According to the results, a systematic screening of suicidal risk in patients seeking treatment for addiction problems is recommended. Addiction treatment centres should develop treatment strategies to prevent suicidal ideators from attempting suicide, mainly in those cases with a worse lifetime psychiatric condition.
Open Access
El Cuestionario Breve de Juego Patológico (CBJP): un nuevo instrumento de "screening"
(Universidad de Huelva, 1995) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Echeburúa, Enrique; Báez, Concepción; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
En este trabajo se presenta un cuestionario breve que resulta útil para realizar un "screening" inicial en pacientes con problemas de juego patológico. Los ítems que componen este instrumento se han extraído de la versión española del Cuestionario de Juego Patológico de South Oaks (SOGS). El Cuestionario Breve de Juego Patológico (CBJP), compuesto por sólo 4 ítems, muestra unos índices de fiabilidad y validez muy altos. El CBJP parece ser un instrumento válido para realizar una detección inicial de jugadores patológicos.
Open Access
Pathological gambling and personality disorders: an exploratory study with the IPDE
(Guilford Press, 2004) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Echeburúa, Enrique; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
In this paper, the most frequent personality disorders related to pathological gambling are described. A sample of 50 pathological gamblers, who were assessed with the IPDE in the course of the pre-treatment assessment, and of 50 normative subjects from general population with the same demographic features (age, sex and socioeconomic level) was selected. According to the results, the 32% of clinical sample (versus the 8% of normative sample) showed at least one personality disorder. The most prevalent ones were the Borderline (16%), followed by the Antisocial, Paranoid, Narcissistic and Non specified (8% each one of them). Furthermore, the gamblers with personality disorders presented an average of 1.5 disorders. Gamblers with personality disorders showed a higher gambling severity and more severe symptoms of anxiety, depression and alcohol abuse. Finally, implications of this study for clinical practice and future research in this field are commented upon.
Open Access
Prevalencia del juego patológico en el alcoholismo: un estudio exploratorio
(Asociación Española de Psicología Clínica y Psicopatología, 2005) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; López-Goñi, José Javier; Landa González, Natalia; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia
En este estudio se lleva a cabo un análisis de la prevalencia del juego patológico en 50 alcohólicos que acuden en busca de tratamiento. Para ello, se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos del DSM-IV-TR para el juego patológico y el Cuestionario de Juego Patológico de South Oaks (SOGS). Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el 20% de los alcohólicos de la muestra presentaba un diagnóstico comórbido de ludopatía. Además, un 12% adicional obtenía una puntuación en el SOGS indicadora de juego problemático. En suma, el 32% de la muestra presentaba síntomas de juego clínicamente significativos. La comparación entre los alcohólicos con y sin ludopatía asociada mostró diferencias significativas en las variables relacionadas con el consumo de alcohol, que eran más altas en la submuestra de alcohólicos ludópatas, pero no en la sintomatología psicopatológica evaluada con el SCL-90-R. Se comentan las implicaciones de este estudio para la práctica clínica y la investigación futura.
Open Access
Gender differences in treatment progress of drug-addicted patients
(Taylor & Francis, 2017) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; López-Goñi, José Javier; Azanza Álvarez, Paula; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
This study explored the differences in treatment progress between men and women who were addicted to drugs. The differential rate of completion of/dropout from treatment in men and women with substance dependence was established. Moreover, comparisons between completers and dropouts, accounting for gender, were carried out for several variables related to treatment progress and clinical profile. A sample of 183 addicted patients (96 male and 87 female) who sought outpatient treatment between 2002 and 2006 was assessed. Information on socio-demographic, consumption and associated characteristics was collected. A detailed tracking of each patient's progress was maintained for a minimum period of eight years to assess treatment progression. The treatment dropout rate in the whole sample was 38.8%, with statistically significant differences between women (47.1%) and men (31.3%). Women who dropped out of treatment presented a more severe profile in most of the psychopathologic variables than women who completed it. Moreover, women who dropped out from treatment presented a more severe profile than men who dropped out. According to these results, drug-addicted women showed worse therapeutic progress than men with similar histories. Thus, women must be provided with additional targeted intervention to promote better treatment outcomes.
Open Access
Profile of addicted patients who re-enter treatment programmes
(Taylor & Francis, 2014) López-Goñi, José Javier; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Cacho Fernández, Raúl; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Psicología y Pedagogía; Psikologia eta Pedagogia; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua, 359/2012
Objective. This study explored the differential profile of addicted patients who re-enter treatment programmes. Method. A sample of 252 addicted patients (203 male and 49 female) who sought outpatient treatment was assessed. Data regarding socio-demographic factors, drug consumption factors (assessed using the EuropAsi), psychopathological factors (assessed using the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised [SCL-90-R]), and personality variables (assessed using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II [MCMI-II]) were collected. Results. 65.9% (n=166) of drug-addicted patients were re-admitted into treatment programmes. All of the variables for which we collected data were compared between these treatment repeaters and patients who were admitted for the first time. Significant differences between the two groups of patients were found for some of the variables that we examined. Treatment repeaters were generally older and had a poorer employment situation than first-time admits. Treatment repeaters were also more likely to report poly-consumption and to have sought treatment for alcohol abuse. Moreover, some of the scores for several EuropAsi, SCL-90-R, and MCMI-II variables were statistically significantly different from those of the first-time admits. Conclusions. According to these results, patients who re-enter treatment programmes often present with more severe addiction problems. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are discussed.
Open Access
Suicidal ideation and attempts among patients with lifetime physical and/or sexual abuse in treatment for substance use disorders
(Taylor & Francis, 2019) Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; López-Goñi, José Javier; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Haro Escribano, Begoña; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Background: Several studies indicate that lifetime abuse is a relevant risk factor for suicidal ideation and/or attempts. However, little is known about this phenomenon in patients seeking treatment for substance use disorder. The prevalence rate of suicidal ideation and/or suicide attempts was explored among lifetime physically and/or sexually abused patients receiving treatment for drug addiction. The differential characteristics between these patients and those without suicidal behaviours were studied. Method: Three hundred and seventy-five patients were assessed. Socio-demographic characteristics, addiction severity, lifetime abuse, suicidal ideation and attempts, and psychopathological symptoms were explored. Results: Eighty-two patients (21.9%) presented with a history of lifetime abuse and were included in the study (37 men and 45 women). Sixty-two per cent of them presented with lifetime suicidal ideation (12.2% in the last month), and 30.5% with suicide attempts (1.2% in the last month). Patients with suicidal ideation or attempts showed a more severe addiction profile (assessed by the EuropASI) and more psychopathological symptoms (assessed by the SCL-90-R). Conclusion: This study highlights the relationship between previous traumatic experiences and suicidal behaviours. According to these results, systematic screening of suicidal risk in patients seeking treatment in addiction centres with histories of abuse is recommended.
Open Access
Gender differences in risk factors related to suicidal ideation among callers to telephone helplines in Spain
(Taylor & Francis, 2018) Villanueva Irure, Pedro; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
The main goals of this study were to determine the prevalence rate of suicidal ideation among callers to a Spanish telephone general crisis helpline (Teléfono de la Esperanza) and to identify gender-based characteristics and risk factors related to suicidal ideation. A sample of 10,765 (6,868 men and 3,897 women) callers to this telephone helpline was assessed. ATENSIS, an assessment tool designed to collect information related to suicidal ideation among callers to telephone helplines, was used. Comparisons between men and women with suicidal ideation were carried out in all variables studied: sociodemographics, telephone call timing, risk factors, and suicidality. Of the total sample, 1.87% (n = 201) presented suicidal ideation, with a higher prevalence in women (2.80%) than in men (1.34%). Moreover, significant gender-based differences among callers with suicidal ideations were observed in some variables: women were older than men and showed a greater prevalence of chronic disease with pain; men showed a greater prevalence of depression, alcohol/drug abuse, helplessness, and lack of hope for the future. This study showed that telephone helplines can be used to identify suicidal ideation among callers. Moreover, gender-based differential characteristics among suicide ideators have been found. The implications for further research are discussed.