Open Access
Reduction of phase shifters in planar phased arrays using novel random subarray techniques
(MDPI, 2024-07-06) Valle, Juan L.; Panduro, Marco A.; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Brizuela, Carlos A.; Covarrubias, David H.; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza
Reducing the number of phase shifters by grouping antenna elements into subarrays has been extensively studied for decades. The number of phase shifters directly affects the cost, complexity, and power consumption of the system. A novel method for the design of phased planar antenna arrays is presented in this work in order to perform a reduction of up to 70%70% in the number of phase shifters used by the array, while maintaining the desired radiation characteristics. This method consists of creating fusions of subarrays to generate random sequences that form the best feeding network configuration for planar phased arrays. The obtained solution allows scanning the mainlobe at 𝜃=−40∘θ=−40∘ elevation with a range of scanning of [−75∘<𝜙<75∘][−75∘<ϕ<75∘] in the azimuth plane, while maintaining a side lobe level below −10−10 dB and achieving a reduction of 62%62% in the number of phase shifters. It is shown that each solution is created based on search criteria, which influence the morphology of the array in terms of subarray size and orientation. The proposed methodology shows great flexibility for creating new phased antenna array designs that meet the requirements of specific applications in a short period of time.
Open Access
Using CORPS-BFN to feed multibeam antenna systems
(2007) Betancourt Quiñones, Diego; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
In this paper, a simple example of application of the CORPS-BFN concept has been presented. A multibeam antenna system is seen as a small part of the human eye, and therefore, improving the similarity of the whole system with the human eye, the main features of the system could be also improved.
Open Access
Hexagonal CORPS-BFN to feed OLAF SAR instrument
(IEEE, 2021) Biurrun Quel, Carlos; Iriarte Galarregui, Juan Carlos; Ederra Urzainqui, Íñigo; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
The concept of Coherently Radiating Periodic Structures-based Beam Forming Networks is applied to feed OLAF (OverLapped SubArray Fed) antenna for SAR Instrument at L-Band. The proper feeding of this system requires the multiple beams to be highly overlapped, and that is generated by a CORPS-BFN using a new 4-port Gysel power combiner/divider implemented in a suspended stripline technology. The network provides high isolation between inputs/outputs, low insertion loss, great return loss and the desired ovelapping of the different beams.
Open Access
Introducción de la bocina en el lazo de optimización de sistemas de reflectores
(2005) Delgado, D.; Teniente Vallinas, Jorge; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
In the design process of a complete antenna system based on reflectors, the feed real performance is usually included once the reflectors have been optimized with an ideal feed. In this paper, the proposal is to include the feed inside the optimization loop of the whole system, by means of a parametric definition of the feeder. To perform the optimization, the parametric feed will be considered as an additional surface, which receives some desired electric field that should be analyzed to properly modify the feed definition parameters in order to reduce the difference between the desired and the new generated field distribution over a planar surface nearby the focal point of the system. At the end of the optimization process, all the elements of the whole antenna system, reflectors and feed, will be totally defined and perfectly coupled.
Open Access
Feeder system design for OLAF SAR instrument
(IEEE, 2022-04-11) Biurrun Quel, Carlos; García-García, Quiterio; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
The design of the feeding system for the focal array in OLAF (Over-Lapped Sub-Array Fed) antenna for SAR Instrument at L-Band is presented. The proposed design consists of a circular patch with a balanced excitation all of it embedded in a ground plane which is connected to the lower ground plane by some shorting pins, reducing the mutual coupling with the neighbour radiating elements of the focal array. The balanced excitation has been implemented with a 180° hybrid using the differential input port. Dual polarization is achieved by using two 180° hybrids within the same layer. The stringent requirements for the system, namely low in cross-polarization, high isolation between the two polarizations (both below the-25dB reference level) and azimuthal symmetry of the radiation pattern are fulfilled within all the working bandwidth.
Open Access
Línea de transmisión cuasi-óptica con modos gaussianos de orden superior para sistemas basados en gyrotrones tecnológicos para aplicaciones cerámicas
(1997) Río Bocio, Carlos del; Gonzalo García, Ramón; Möbius, Arnold; Sorolla Ayza, Mario; Thumm, Manfred; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
In this paper, a description of a new compact microwave oven system based on a tecnological gyrotron for material processing applications is presented. The whole system has been designed by the Institute of Applied Physics in Nizhny Novgorod (Russia) and nowadays is installed in the Forschungszentrum (Karlsruhe, Germany). It consists ot a technological gyrotron working at 30 GHz giving 10 Kw CW in the TE02 circular waveguide mode, a quasi-optical transmission line (optimized in this work) and the final very oversized cavity or applicator. The original transmission line had a transmission efficiency of about 70%, by using a Vlasov launcher to generate a fundamental gaussian beam from the TE02 mode. The power was driven through a total of three mirrors. The improved design presented here increases the transmission efficiency up to 91%, by using a higher order gaussian beam mode, azimuthaly polarized and conical profile, by using only two ellipsoidal mirrors.
Open Access
Study of the human eye working principle: an impressive high angular resolution system with simple array detectors
(IEEE, 2006) Betancourt Quiñones, Diego; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
In this paper the working principle of the human eye is studied since uses very simple detectors, cones and rods, to provide an impressive high angular resolution without using any kind of scanning technique. Usually the resolution capability of the human eyes has been attributed to the complexity of the brain, but it is quite difficult to understand that something, specially small details, that it has not been seen by the eyes could be generated by the brain. Finally, it will be proved that with the actual technology and design philosophy of array antenna systems, the maximum achievable angular resolution of a realistic antenna array system is seriously limited and it is equivalent to the one that it could have an insect with compound eyes. It is clear the human eye is able to overcome this limit, and the idea is to learn how to introduce this to the design procedure of antenna array systems.
Open Access
Modern corrugated horn antenna design for extremely low sidelobe level
(2003) Teniente Vallinas, Jorge; Gonzalo García, Ramón; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
The present paper deals with the design of modern corrugated horn antennas for extremely low sidelobe level with the use of the well known corrugated Gaussian Profiled Horn Antenna aperture (corrugated GPHA’s) to improve the radiation pattern and reduce the antenna size. Some design rules will be given so that an initial nice profile can be used quickly as input profile of modern optimization codes to improve the size. This initial profile can reduce the computing time of an optimization program quite a lot, so it is usually the method we use to design the final corrugated horns in our own optimization code.
Open Access
Estado del arte de las antenas que combinan corrugaciones horizontales y verticales
(2005) Teniente Vallinas, Jorge; Gonzalo García, Ramón; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
In the present paper the state of the art, possibilities, advantages and disadvantages of the patented corrugated horn antennas that combine horizontal and vertical corrugations is being covered. These rather new type and probably not very well known yet, corrugated horn profiles; combine in the same horn antenna both horizontal and vertical corrugations. This horn antenna produces with reasonable bandwidth, low crosspolarisation, and low sidelobe levels in a physical size smaller than any other solutions. In fact, designs from 15 to 30 dB directivity have been prepared and some of them have been manufactured, tested and arranged for an emerging market that is being served by Flann Microwave Ltd. at present.
Open Access
A complete optimization-loop, including feeders, of antenna systems based on reflectors
(IEEE, 2005) Delgado, D.; Teniente Vallinas, Jorge; Río Bocio, Carlos del; Haro, L. de; Martínez, J. A.; Pino, A.G; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
In the design process of a complete antenna system based on reflectors, the feed real performance is usually included once the reflectors have been optimized with an ideal feed. In this paper, the proposal is to include the feed inside the optimization loop of the whole system, by means of a parametric definition of the feeder. To perform the optimization, the parametric feed will be considered as an additional surface, which receives some desired electric field that should be analyzed to properly modify the feed definition parameters in order to reduce the difference between the desired and the new generated field distribution over a planar surface nearby the focal point of the system. At the end of the optimization process, all the elements of the whole antenna system, reflectors and feed, will be totally defined and perfectly coupled.