Open Access
Direct functionalization of TiO2/PSS sensing layer for an LMR-based optical fiber reusable biosensor
(IEEE, 2023) Santano Rivero, Desiree; Socorro Leránoz, Abián Bentor; Del Villar, Ignacio; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, PJUPNA2033
Functionalization plays a crucial role in the development of biosensors. In this study, bioreceptors were directly immobilized onto the surface of a sensing layer after physical activation, avoiding the need for longer and more complex functionalization systems. This direct immobilization was applied to an optical sensing platform based on lossy mode resonances (LMRs) generated by a thin-film of titanium (IV) dioxide/poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (TiO 2 /PSS). To generate the LMR, a 200-micron bare optical fiber was coated with TiO 2 /PSS using the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. The PSS of the sensing layer was then physically activated using either UV-ozone or plasma to immobilize anti-rabbit IgG bioreceptors. This enabled specific and label-free detection of rabbit IgG concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 2 mg/ml. The results presented in this work include real-time detection of rabbit IgG, a comparison between the two activation techniques (UV-ozone and plasma), and an analysis of the biosensor’s reusability over four consecutive cycles, which demonstrates the promising potential of the TiO 2 /PSS sensing layer for biosensing applications.
Open Access
Lossy mode resonance-based optical immunosensor towards detecting gliadin in aqueous solutions
(Elsevier, 2023) Benítez Pérez, Melanys; Zubiate Orzanco, Pablo; Socorro Leránoz, Abián Bentor; Matías Maestro, Ignacio; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
The development of accurate, intuitive, and easy-to-handle devices to detect different types of allergens is on the rise, as these are useful tools to guarantee consumer safety, which should be a priority for any food industry. Gliadin, one of the main proteins present in gluten, is the one responsible for triggering the immune system to produce autoantibodies in celiac disease, the most dangerous pathology related to gluten. Lossy Mode Resonance (LMR) based biosensors are lately known as a promising sensing technology and its implementation on planar waveguides has been shown to result in manageable, sustainable and robust structures. In this work, an LMR based microfluidic biosensor for gliadin detection is proposed, by coating a coverslip with Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) to generate the resonance phenomena and functionalizing the sensor surface with anti-gliadin antibody (AGA) through covalent bond. The sensor was exposed to different gliadin concentrations in ultrapure water, in the range of 0.1–100 ppm with an accuracy of ±0.14 ppm, for a sensitivity of 1.35 ppm/ml. The calibration curve was obtained from the experimental data corresponding to three repetitions of the assay and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 ppm was achieved. Moreover, the sensor was exposed to commercial flour samples, some of them labeled as gluten free (GF) and the response agreed with the expected results according to product label. Biosensor specificity to gliadin was demonstrated by injecting chicken egg white albumin without obtaining any significant response.
Open Access
Trends in the design of intensity-based optical fiber biosensors (2010–2020)
(MDPI, 2021) Acha Morrás, Nerea de; Socorro Leránoz, Abián Bentor; Elosúa Aguado, César; Matías Maestro, Ignacio; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
There exists an increasing interest in monitoring low concentrations of biochemical species, as they allow the early-stage detection of illnesses or the monitoring of the environment quality. Thus, both companies and research groups are focused on the development of accurate, fast and highly sensitive biosensors. Optical fiber sensors have been widely employed for these purposes because they provide several advantages for their use in point-of-care and real-time applications. In particular, this review is focused on optical fiber biosensors based on luminescence and absorption. Apart from the key parameters that determine the performance of a sensor (limit of detection, sensibility, cross-sensibility, etc.), other features are analyzed, such as the optical fiber dimensions, the sensing set ups and the fiber functionalization. The aim of this review is to have a comprehensive insight of the different aspects that must be taken into account when working with this kind of sensors.

Socorro Leránoz, Abián Bentor

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