Open Access
Effect of Ti on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of a nickel-aluminum bronze alloy
(ABM, ABC, ABPol, 2021-04-12) Rivero Fuente, Pedro J.; Berlanga Labari, Carlos; Palacio, José F.; Biezma Moraleda, María Victoria; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
Nickel-aluminum bronze (NAB) alloys are suitable, in cast condition, to be used in marine propellers due to its excellent behavior avoiding erosion and cavitation as well as corrosion. A complex microstructure, intrinsic to this copper base system, is the result of a well-controlled chemical composition. There are few works related to the effect of adding small quantities of specific chemical elements on NAB alloys properties. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of Ti on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of a particular NAB alloy, CuAl10Fe5Ni5 (C95500), and the comparison to the Ti-free NAB alloy. Although the as- cast microstructure is very similar for both materials, the addition of only 120 ppm Ti leads to a significant grain refinement that plays a key role on the mechanical properties. It has been observed an increase in both microhardness and nanohardness as well as in the resultant Young moduli values, meanwhile no significant impact on the corrosion susceptibility has been observed.
Open Access
Corrosion behavior in volcanic soils: in search of candidate materials for thermoelectric devices
(MDPI, 2021-12-21) Berlanga Labari, Carlos; Catalán Ros, Leyre; Palacio, José F.; Pérez Artieda, Miren Gurutze; Astrain Ulibarrena, David; Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
Thermoelectric generators have emerged as an excellent solution for the energy supply of volcanic monitoring stations due to their compactness and continuous power generation. Nevertheless, in order to become a completely viable solution, it is necessary to ensure that their materials are able to resist in the acidic environment characteristic of volcanoes. Hence, the main objective of this work is to study the resistance to corrosion of six different metallic materials that are candidates for use in the heat exchangers. For this purpose, the metal probes have been buried for one year in the soil of the Teide volcano (Spain) and their corrosion behavior has been evaluated by using different techniques (OM, SEM, and XRD). The results have shown excessive corrosion damage to the copper, brass, and galvanized steel tubes. After evaluating the corrosion behavior and thermoelectric performance, AISI 304 and AISI 316 stainless steels are proposed for use as heat exchangers in thermoelectric devices in volcanic environments.
Open Access
Structural and functional analysis of polyethylene glycol-coated zein nanoparticles
(Elsevier, 2025-08-20) Calvopiña, Jonathan; Rivero Fuente, Pedro J.; Martínez-Ohárriz, María Cristina; Palacio, José F.; Álvarez Galindo, José Ignacio; Espuelas, Socorro; Irache, Juan M. ; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
The development of nanoparticles for drug delivery purposes is faced to a number of challenges, including the complexity of an adequate physico-chemical characterization, especially when nanoparticles are functionalized. The aim of this work was to evaluate and characterize the structure and properties of zein nanoparticles (approximately 200 nm) functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG 35,000) at different PEG-to-zein ratios. The interaction between PEG and zein, attributed to hydrogen bonding between the amide groups of zein and the hydroxyl groups of PEG, was evidenced by FTIR and further confirmed by 2D-COS spectroscopy. DSC and TGA thermograms demonstrated the role of PEG in improving nanoparticle thermal stability, with PEG-coated nanoparticles exhibiting higher decomposition temperatures and increased PEG content with higher PEG-to-zein ratios. SEM and AFM imaging of nanoparticle thin films confirmed that PEG decoration enhanced wettability and reduced the hydrophobicity of bare zein nanoparticles, consistent with Rose Bengal test results. Additionally, AFM analysis of nanoparticle distribution in a mucin thin film demonstrated that PEG coating improved nanoparticle dispersibility within the mucin matrix, in line with previous studies describing the increased diffusivity and mucus-permeation properties of nanoparticles coated with hydrophilic polymers. In summary, this study highlights the importance of an in-depth analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles, providing valuable structural insights that facilitate optimization and the selection of the most suitable compositions for preclinical development.
Open Access
Enhancement of sol-gel coatings for photoprotection of rosé wines
(MDPI, 2025-02-15) Moriones, Jennifer; Osés Martínez de Zúñiga, Javier; Amézqueta, Pablo; Palacio, José F.; Fernández de Ara, Jonathan; Almandoz Sánchez, Eluxka; Ciencias; Zientziak; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
Exposure to short-wavelength light, including UV-A and blue light, can degrade high-value products like rosé wine, which are usually packaged in colourless bottles. This study investigates the optimisation of sol¿gel coatings enhanced with UV-absorbing additives (Tinuvin 479 and semaSORB 20109) to provide photoprotection for rosé wines. Coatings with varying additive concentrations (0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, and 1.5%) were applied to glass substrates via spin coating and cured with UV light. Then, optical and mechanical characterisation was performed. The 1.5% concentration semaSORB 20109 bilayer coating demonstrated improved photoprotective properties without compromising colour properties, leading to successful application on glass bottles by spray coating. Accelerated degradation tests confirmed that the optimised coating effectively protected against photodegradation, as indicated by the stability of polyphenol levels and colour parameters in rosé wines. The results suggest that these coatings could be a suitable option for commercial-scale applications, enhancing the light resistance of colourless-bottled products.

Palacio, José F.

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