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Fernández Ugalde, Oihane

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Fernández Ugalde

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Oihane

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Ciencias del Medio Natural

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7201

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2007 - 200912010 - 20153
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Soil degradation and soil quality in Western Europe: current situation and future perspectives
    (MDPI, 2015) Virto Quecedo, Íñigo; Imaz Gurruchaga, María José; Fernández Ugalde, Oihane; Gartzia Bengoetxea, Nahia; Enrique Martín, Alberto; Bescansa Miquel, Paloma; Ciencias del Medio Natural; Natura Ingurunearen Zientziak
    The extent and causes of chemical, physical and biological degradation of soil, and of soil loss, vary greatly in different countries in Western Europe. The objective of this review paper is to examine these issues and also strategies for soil protection and future perspectives for soil quality evaluation, in light of present legislation aimed at soil protection. Agriculture and forestry are the main causes of many of the above problems, especially physical degradation, erosion and organic matter loss. Land take and soil sealing have increased in recent decades, further enhancing the problems. In agricultural land, conservation farming, organic farming and other soil-friendly practices have been seen to have site-specific effects, depending on the soil characteristics and the particular types of land use and land users. No single soil management strategy is suitable for all regions, soil types and soil uses. Except for soil contamination, specific legislation for soil protection is lacking in Western Europe. The Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection in the European Union has produced valuable information and has encouraged the development of networks and databases. However, soil degradation is addressed only indirectly in environmental policies and through the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, which promotes farming practices that support soil conservation. Despite these efforts, there remains a need for soil monitoring networks and decision-support systems aimed at optimization of soil quality in the region. The pressure on European soils will continue in the future, and a clearly defined regulatory framework is needed.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Casting activity of scherotheca gigas in no-till Mediterranean soils: role in organic matter incorporation and influence of aridity
    (Hindawi / Wiley, 2010) Bescansa Miquel, Paloma; Virto Quecedo, Íñigo; Fernández Ugalde, Oihane; Imaz Gurruchaga, María José; Enrique Martín, Alberto; Ciencias del Medio Natural; Natura Ingurunearen Zientziak
    The behaviour of earthworms, their role in organic matter incorporation into the soil, and the influence of aridity in such processes in arid and semiarid regions have scarcely been studied. In this study, physico-chemical analyses of the casts and the surrounding no-till agricultural soils of three experimental sites representing an aridity gradient in Navarre (NW Spain) were done. The casts were formed by the activity of the only anecic species, Scherotheca gigas (Dug`es, 1828), ubiquitous in no-till soils in this region.We observed a significant depletion of clay and higher concentration of total organic C and labile C in the form of particulate organic matter (POM) in the casts as compared to the surrounding soil, suggesting selective ingestion of soil by S. gigas. This, together with the observation of increased concentration in POM with increasing aridity, suggests a major role of this species in the observed progressive gains of organic C stocks in no-till soils in the region.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Improving the structural stability of cropped soils in Olite (Navarre) using conservation tillage to reduce water erosion
    (Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, 2007) Río Lahidalga, Iker del; Fernández Ugalde, Oihane; Imaz Gurruchaga, María José; Enrique Martín, Alberto; Bescansa Miquel, Paloma; Ciencias del Medio Natural; Natura Ingurunearen Zientziak
    The objective of this work was to compare the soil wet aggregate stability and its relationship to the soil organic matter stock in an agricultural soil under different types of tillage in a semi-arid area of Northern Spain.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Soil quality evaluation following the implementation of permanent cover crops in semi-arid vineyards. Organic matter, physical and biological soil properties
    (Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 2012) Virto Quecedo, Íñigo; Imaz Gurruchaga, María José; Fernández Ugalde, Oihane; Urrutia Larrachea, Idoia; Enrique Martín, Alberto; Bescansa Miquel, Paloma; Ciencias del Medio Natural; Natura Ingurunearen Zientziak
    El establecimiento de cubiertas vegetales permanentes (PGC) en viñedos de zonas semiáridas, con manejo tradicional de suelo desnudo mediante laboreo y aplicación de herbicidas, es controvertido, porque tiene ventajas agronómicas y ambientales, pero puede inducir cambios negativos en la calidad física del suelo. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: (i) avanzar en el conocimiento del efecto de la implantación de PGC en la calidad física y biológica del suelo, e (ii) identificar los indicadores de calidad del suelo más apropiados para suelos calizos de viñedo en una zona semiárida. Se determinaron propiedades físicas y biológicas clave en un Calcisol Cámbico con PGC de diferente edad (1 y 5 años), con un control manejado convencionalmente. El análisis de correlaciones mostró una relación directa entre la estabilidad estructural (WSA), la capacidad de retención de agua útil (AWC), la biomasa microbiana y las actividades enzimáticas del suelo bajo PGC. El contenido de C orgánico total (SOC) y lábil (POM-C) estuvo también correlacionado con los parámetros microbianos. Los indicadores de calidad del suelo más sensibles se identificaron mediante análisis factorial por componentes principales (PCA). La actividad de lombrices, AWC, WSA, SOC y POM-C mostraron el mayor peso en los dos factores obtenidos con PCA, por lo que estas propiedades pueden considerarse indicadores adecuados de la calidad del suelo en este agrosistema. Estos resultados indican que tanto los atributos físicos como biológicos del suelo son diferentes bajo PGC, y necesitan ser evaluados al estudiar las consecuencias de su introducción en suelos de viñedo.