Open Access
Biodiesel production from heterogeneous catalysts based K2CO3 supported on extruded Γ-Al2O3
(Elsevier, 2019) Silveira Junior, Euripedes Garcia; Perez, Victor Haber; Reyero Zaragoza, Inés; Serrano Lotina, Ana; Justo, Oselys Rodriguez; Ciencias; Zientziak
Catalytic biodiesel production from sunflower oil and ethanol using K2CO3/γ-Al2O3 in different configurations has been studied. To prepare the catalysts, boehmite was extruded with the aid of a binder and different percentages of K2CO3 active phase (15–45%) impregnated on the supports for comparative purposes. The transesterification reactions were carried out during 4 h using 5 wt% of the catalyst and the effects of oil: alcohol molar ratio and temperature were investigated to improve biodiesel formation. The best result (99.3% conversion) was obtained when 35% K2CO3/65% γ-Al2O3 hollow cylinder catalyst was used at 80 °C and 1:12 oil: ethanol molar ratio, showing their potential as promising alternative to conventional homogeneous catalytic systems used for biodiesel production at industrial scale.
Open Access
Extruded catalysts with magnetic properties for biodiesel production
(Hindawi, 2018) Silveira Junior, Euripedes Garcia; Justo, Oselys Rodriguez; Perez, Victor Haber; Reyero Zaragoza, Inés; Serrano Lotina, Ana; Campos Ramírez, Leonardo; Dias, Dayana F. dos Santos ; Ciencias; Zientziak
The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of different extruded catalysts containing K2CO3 as active phase and adding conveniently γ-Al2O3 and/or sepiolite and magnetic particles on the biodiesel production from sunflower oil by the ethanolic route. Firstly, the content of the Fe3O4 on the catalyst (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 g Fe3O4/g of K2CO3/γ-Al2O3), after calcination step, was evaluated to verify the separation facility of the catalysts with magnetic properties from reactional medium, using an external magnetic field, at the end of biodiesel synthesis. After that, three different catalysts were considered for comparative purposes: (a) K2CO3/γ-Al2O3; (b) K2CO3/γ-Al2O3/Fe3O4; (c) K2CO3/γ-Al2O3/Sepiolite/Fe3O4 and subsequently characterized by dynamometry, TGA, SEM, VSM, BET, and XRD to determine their mechanical, structural, magnetic, and textural properties. However, their catalytic activities were determined through biodiesel production that was carried out in a glass volumetric reactor during 4 h, under magnetic stirring with 5% wt. of the catalyst and oil: ethanol molar ratio (1: 12) at 80°C reaction temperature. The best result, i.e., around 88% of biodiesel conversion, was obtained with catalyst K2CO3/γ-Al2O3/Sepiolite/Fe3O4 which showed also satisfactory textural and mechanical strength properties comparatively with the other catalytic derivatives. In addition, no agglomeration of the particles was observed during the reaction, and the magnetic property of this catalytic system was satisfactory for adequate separation from reactional medium seeking further reuse. The attained results are attractive for possible implementation at industrial scale and can be considered to mitigate drawbacks which resulting by using of homogeneous catalysts in the conventional processes.
Open Access
Biodiesel synthesis using a novel monolithic catalyst with magnetic properties (K2CO3/γ-Al2O3/Sepiolite/γ-Fe2O3) by ethanolic route
(Elsevier, 2020) Silveira Junior, Euripedes Garcia; Justo, Oselys Rodriguez; Perez, Victor Haber; Melo, Fabiana da Silva; Reyero Zaragoza, Inés; Serrano Lotina, Ana; Mompean, Federico J.; Ciencias; Zientziak
A novel magnetic monolithic catalyst based on K2CO3/γ-Al2O3/Sepiolite/γ-Fe2O3 was developed seeking to convert efficiently soybean oil and bioethanol to ethanolic biodiesel and glycerol. The magnetic monolithic was attained by extrusion method and characterized by EPR, VSM, SEM, Dynamometry, XRD, BET, and CO2-TPD, showing satisfactory magnetic, morphological, mechanical, structural and textural properties. The catalytic performance of this monolithic catalyst was also evaluated in a reactor assisted by magnetic field. The reactor was operated in a closed loop, recycling the reaction mixture. High oil conversion to biodiesel was obtained using 5 wt% of catalyst with 1:12 oil/ethanol molar ratio at 70 °C after 1.5 h. The magnetic properties of this monolithic catalyst allowed the bed stabilization under magnetic field and the catalysts separation, enabling its reuse by four reaction cycles.

Reyero Zaragoza, Inés

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