Person: Marroyo Palomo, Luis
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Marroyo Palomo
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Luis
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Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica
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0000-0002-8344-8374
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495
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Publication Open Access On the testing, characterization, and evaluation of PV inverters and dynamic MPPT performance under real varying operating conditions(Wiley, 2007) Sanchis Gúrpide, Pablo; López Taberna, Jesús; Ursúa Rubio, Alfredo; Gubía Villabona, Eugenio; Marroyo Palomo, Luis; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako GobernuaThe increasing number of photovoltaic inverters that are coming on to the PV marketstresses the need to carry out a dynamic characterization of these elements and theirmaximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms under real operating conditions.In order to make these conditions repeatable at the laboratory, PV array simulatorsare used. However, actual simulators, including the commercial simulators, recreateonly a single or small set of PV array characteristic curves in which quite commonlytheoretical calculations are included in order to simulate irradiance and temperatureartificial variations. This is far from being a recreation of the real and long dynamicbehavior of a PVarray or generator. The testing and evaluation of the performance ofPV inverters and MPPT algorithms has to be carried out when the PV system movesdynamically according to real operating conditions, including processes such asrapidly changing atmospheric conditions, partial shadows, dawn, and nightfall. Thispaper tries to contribute to the analysis of this problem by means of an electronicsystem that both measures the real evolution of the characteristic curves of PVarraysat outdoor operation and then recreates them at the laboratory to test PV inverters.This way the equipment can highlight the different performances of PV inverters andMPPT techniques when they operate under real operating conditions. As an example,two commercial inverters are tested and analyzed under the recreated behavior of aPV generator during 2 singular days that include processes of partial shading and fastirradiance variations.Publication Open Access Boost DC-AC inverter: a new control strategy(IEEE, 2005) Sanchis Gúrpide, Pablo; Ursúa Rubio, Alfredo; Gubía Villabona, Eugenio; Marroyo Palomo, Luis; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio IngeniaritzarenBoost dc–ac inverter naturally generates in a single stage an ac voltage whose peak value can be lower or greater than the dc input voltage. The main drawback of this structure deals with its control. Boost inverter consists of Boost dc–dc converters that have to be controlled in a variable-operation point condition. The sliding mode control has been proposed as an option. However, it does not directly control the inductance averaged-current. This paper proposes a control strategy for the Boost inverter in which each Boost is controlled by means of a double-loop regulation scheme that consists of a new inductor current control inner loop and an also new output voltage control outer loop. These loops include compensations in order to cope with the Boost variable operation point condition and to achieve a high robustness to both input voltage and output current disturbances. As shown by simulation and prototype experimental results, the proposed control strategy achieves a very high reliable performance, even in difficult transient situations such as nonlinear loads, abrupt load changes, short circuits, etc., which sliding mode control cannot cope with.Publication Open Access Design methodology for the frequency shift method of islanding prevention and analysis of its detection capability(Wiley, 2005) Sanchis Gúrpide, Pablo; Marroyo Palomo, Luis; Coloma, Javier; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta ElektronikoaIslanding protection is one of the most important sources of discrepancy in gridconnected photovoltaic systems. Even when islanding is not very likely to happen, regulations demand the photovoltaic inverters to implement effective protection methods. Due to its several advantages, the frequency shift method of islanding prevention, commonly known as Sandia Frequency Shift, is one of the most important active methods. This method implements a positive feedback of the frequency that tends to move it outside the trip limits in case of islanding. The method shows a very high detection capability, which depends on both the values of the method parameters and the characteristics of the load that remains in the same power section after islanding. This paper develops a mathematical analysis of the Sandia Frequency Shift method and proposes a new methodology to design its parameters as a trade-off between the detection capability, which is evaluated as a function of the load characteristics, and the distortion that the method could introduce in the grid as a consequence of transitory frequency disturbances. The ability of this methodology to design the method parameters and achieve the highest detection capability is satisfactorily proved by means of both simulation and experimental results on a commercial photovoltaic inverter that implements the method once its parameters have been designed with the proposed methodology.Publication Open Access Influence of the power supply on the energy efficiency of an alkaline water electrolyser(Elsevier, 2009) Ursúa Rubio, Alfredo; Marroyo Palomo, Luis; Gubía Villabona, Eugenio; Gandía Pascual, Luis; Diéguez Elizondo, Pedro; Sanchis Gúrpide, Pablo; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa; Ingeniería Mecánica, Energética y de Materiales; Mekanika, Energetika eta Materialen Ingeniaritza; Química Aplicada; Kimika Aplikatua; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako GobernuaElectric energy consumption represents the greatest part of the cost of the hydrogen produced by water electrolysis. An effort is being carried out to reduce this electric consumption and improve the global efficiency of commercial electrolysers. Whereas relevant progresses are being achieved in cell stack configurations and electrodes performance, there are practically no studies on the effect of the electric power supply topology on the electrolyser energy efficiency. This paper presents an analysis on the energy consumption and efficiency of a 1 N m3 h1 commercial alkaline water electrolyser and their dependence on the power supply topology. The different topologies of power supplies are first summarised, analysed and classified into two groups: thyristor-based (ThPS) and transistor-based power supplies (TrPS). An Electrolyser Power Supply Emulator (EPSE) is then designed, developed and satisfactorily validated by means of simulation and experimental tests. With the EPSE, the electrolyser is characterised both obtaining its I–V curves for different temperatures and measuring the useful hydrogen production. The electrolyser is then supplied by means of two different emulated electric profiles that are characteristic of typical ThPS and TrPS. Results show that the cell stack energy consumption is up to 495 W h N m3 lower when it is supplied by the TrPS, which means 10% greater in terms of efficiency.Publication Open Access Electronic controlled device for the analysis and design of photovoltaic systems(IEEE, 2005) Sanchis Gúrpide, Pablo; López Taberna, Jesús; Ursúa Rubio, Alfredo; Marroyo Palomo, Luis; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta ElektronikoaThe characterization and design of photovoltaic systems is a difficult issue due to the variable operation atmospheric conditions. With this aim, simulators and measurement equipments have been proposed. However, most of them do not deal with real atmospheric conditions. This letter proposes an electronic device that first measures the real evolution of the I-V characteristic curves of photovoltaic modules and generators, and then physically emulates in real time these curves to test photovoltaic inverters. The device consists of a dc-dc converter, a microcontroller and a data storage unit. The two operation modes (emulation and measurement) are digitally driven by the microcontroller. The converter current is controlled by means of a variable-hysteresis control loop, whose reference is provided by the microcontroller. In addition, a digital voltage control loop is designed to find out the complete characteristic curves of the photovoltaic generators. A 15-kW prototype is designed and built that can measure three times per second the characteristic curves of up to seven generators and then emulate their electrical behavior to test photovoltaic inverters. With the proposed device, the optimal configuration and performance of photovoltaic modules and generators, as well as the operation of photovoltaic inverters can be thoroughly analyzed under real atmospheric conditions.