Santamaría Martínez, Enrique

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Santamaría Martínez

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Enrique

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Ciencias de la Salud

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  • PublicationOpen Access
    PD-1/LAG-3 co-signaling profiling uncovers CBL ubiquitin ligases as key immunotherapy targets
    (EMBO Press, 2024-07-19) Chocarro de Erauso, Luisa; Blanco, Ester; Fernández-Rubio, Leticia; Garnica, Maider; Zuazo Ibarra, Miren; García Granda, María Jesús; Bocanegra Gondán, Ana Isabel; Echaide Górriz, Míriam; Johnston, Colette; Edwards, Carolyn J.; Legg, James; Pierce, Andrew J.; Arasanz Esteban, Hugo; Fernández Hinojal, Gonzalo; Vera García, Ruth; Ausín, Karina; Santamaría Martínez, Enrique; Fernández Irigoyen, Joaquín; Kochan, Grazyna; Escors Murugarren, David; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
    Many cancer patients do not benefit from PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapies. PD-1 and LAG-3 co-upregulation in T-cells is one of the major mechanisms of resistance by establishing a highly dysfunctional state in T-cells. To identify shared features associated to PD-1/LAG-3 dysfunctionality in human cancers and T-cells, multiomic expression profiles were obtained for all TCGA cancers immune infiltrates. A PD-1/LAG-3 dysfunctional signature was found which regulated immune, metabolic, genetic, and epigenetic pathways, but especially a reinforced negative regulation of the TCR signalosome. These results were validated in T-cell lines with constitutively active PD-1, LAG-3 pathways and their combination. A differential analysis of the proteome of PD-1/LAG-3 T-cells showed a specific enrichment in ubiquitin ligases participating in E3 ubiquitination pathways. PD-1/LAG-3 co-blockade inhibited CBL-B expression, while the use of a bispecific drug in clinical development also repressed C-CBL expression, which reverted T-cell dysfunctionality in lung cancer patients resistant to PD-L1/PD-1 blockade. The combination of CBL-B-specific small molecule inhibitors with anti-PD-1/anti-LAG-3 immunotherapies demonstrated notable therapeutic efficacy in models of lung cancer refractory to immunotherapies, overcoming PD-1/LAG-3 mediated resistance. © The Author(s) 2024.