Open Access
Calibrating lower-middle Miocene mammal faunas and unravelling climate change during the Miocene Climate Optimum: the Bardenas Reales de Navarra record (Ebro basin, NE Iberian Peninsula)
(Springer, 2024-10-22) Larrasoaña, Juan Cruz; Suárez-Hernando, Oier; Beamud, Elisabet; Garcés, Miguel; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Gómez Polo, Cristina; Ruiz-Sánchez, Francisco Javier; Mata, María Pilar; Murelaga, Xabier; Ciencias; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
The chronology of lower Miocene Iberian small mammal faunas is still poorly constrained given the scarcity of well dated sedimentary successions including small mammal fossil localities. Such scarcity has prevented also an accurate understanding of the response of European terrestrial ecosystem to global changes across the Miocene climate optimum (MCO), one of the best analogues of present-day global warming. Here we present an updated fossil small mammal record of the Bardenas Reales de Navarra (western Ebro basin, Spain), where an expanded lower to middle Miocene continental succession is superbly exposed. Previous and new magnetostratigraphic results from this succession have enabled us to propose, along with additional magnetostratigraphically-dated Iberian faunas, a new chronology for local zones Y to D (Mammal Neogene zones MN2 to MN5). In addition to that, the studied small mammal faunas point to a gradual increase in temperature and humidity conditions in SW Europe between 20 and 15.5 Ma, which appears to be coupled with the progressive shift towards warmer regional (Atlantic) and global conditions across the MCO, thereby pointing to gradual changes in oceanic circulation as the main driver of this period of global warmth. The evolution of sedimentary facies appears to indicate a threshold response of the Ebro basin hydrological balance to the MCO, whereas pedogenic formation of magnetic minerals seems to be linked to periods of enhanced climate variability. These results highlight the need of combining different paleoenvironmental indicators in order to obtain a reliable view of the response of continental ecosystems to global warming.
Open Access
Study of optical fiber sensors for cryogenic temperature measurements
(MDPI, 2017) Miguel Soto, Verónica de; Leandro González, Daniel; López Aldaba, Aitor; Beato López, Juan Jesús; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Auguste, Jean-Louis; Jamier, Raphael; Roy, Philippe; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa; Fisika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Física; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
In this work, the performance of five different fiber optic sensors at cryogenic temperatures has been analyzed. A photonic crystal fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer, two Sagnac interferometers, a commercial fiber Bragg grating (FBG), and a -phase shifted fiber Bragg grating interrogated in In this work, the performance of five different fiber optic sensors at cryogenic temperatures has been analyzed. A photonic crystal fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer, two Sagnac interferometers, a commercial fiber Bragg grating (FBG), and a π-phase shifted fiber Bragg grating interrogated in a random distributed feedback fiber laser have been studied. Their sensitivities and resolutions as sensors for cryogenic temperatures have been compared regarding their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, the results have been compared with the given by a commercial optical backscatter reflectometer that allowed for distributed temperature measurements of a single mode fiber.
Open Access
Study of the martensitic transition in Ni-Mn-Sn-Ti ferromagnetic shape memory alloys
(Rede Latino-Americana de Materiais, 2018) Bonifacich, Federico Guillermo; Lambri, Osvaldo Agustín; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Sánchez-Alarcos Gómez, Vicente; Fisika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Física; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
In the present work, mechanical spectroscopy measurements as a function of temperature and strain have been performed in (at.%) Ni50Mn37Sn13-xTix (x=0, 0.5 and 2) ferromagnetic shape memory alloys in order both to study martensitic transition phenomenon and also to determine its temperature of appearance. For mechanical spectroscopy measurements, a five elements piezoelectric device recently developed has been used. In addition, other characterization techniques as, differential thermal analysis and superconducting quantum interference magnetic spectroscopy, were also used. Besides, relaxation processes near the martensitic transition temperature have been also observed.
Open Access
Magnetically tunable damping in composites for 4D printing
(Elsevier, 2021) Bonifacich, Federico Guillermo; Lambri, Osvaldo Agustín; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Sánchez-Alarcos Gómez, Vicente; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Ciencias; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Composite materials are being used in the design of new devices to produce more functional, cheap and on-demand products. In particular, 3D printing technology based on composites opens a huge field enabling the freedom of design and the ability to manufacture complex structures. In this context, the analysis of the functional properties of printable composites is of great importance. The work is focused on the analysis of the mechanical damping of a composite made with different concentrations of a Ni45Mn36.7In13.3Co5 metamagnetic shape memory alloy into an UV-curing polymer. The composites provide a bulk material containing very brittle metallic μ-particles that can be handled for technological applications. Damping and dynamic modulus of the composites were modified with small magnetic fields below 100 kA/m, proving that the damping capacity can be tuned by applying an external magnetic field. From the measurements, it has been also possible to determine the intrinsic damping and moduli of the alloy particles, which show the characteristic properties linked to the MT. These preliminary results allow proposing this composite material as a potential functional material to be used in the design of printable devices for magneto-mechanical damping applications.
Open Access
A comprehensive analysis of the absorption spectrum of conducting ferromagnetic wires
(IEEE, 2012) Liberal Olleta, Íñigo; Ederra Urzainqui, Íñigo; Gómez Polo, Cristina; Labrador Otamendi, Alberto; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Gonzalo García, Ramón; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa; Física; Fisika
A detailed analysis of the absorption spectrum of conductive ferromagnetic wires is presented. The absorption spectrum is computed from the solution to the scattering problem, and circuit models are formulated to clarify the interplay between losses, skin-effect and wire geometry. Both infinitely-long wires and the axial resonances introduced by finite-length wires are considered. The theoretical results are validated experimentally through measurements within a metallic rectangular waveguide.
Open Access
Thermal degradation of type I collagen from bones
(Tech Science Press, 2016) Lambri, Melania Lucila; Giordano, E. D.; Bozzano, P. B.; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Fisika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Física; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
The denaturation processes of collagen in the temperature range between 450 K and 670 K are revealed through studies performed on cow rib bones by means of mechanical spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The conformational change of the collagen molecules from a triple helix structure to a random coil was found at around 510 K. It was determined that the transformation is developed through the viscous movement of fibrils with an activation energy of (127 ± 8) kJ/mol. The second stage of massive bulk deterioration of the collagen was found at around 600 K, which leads to the loss of the mechanical integrity of the bulk collagen. In addition, an easy-to-handle viscoelastic procedure for obtaining the activation energy of the denaturation process from mechanical spectroscopy studies was also shown.
Open Access
119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy for assessing the local stress and defect state towards the tuning of Ni-Mn-Sn alloys
(AIP Publishing, 2017) Unzueta, Iraultza; López García, Javier; Sánchez-Alarcos Gómez, Vicente; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Fisika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Física
The influence of defects and local stresses on the magnetic properties and martensitic transformation in Ni50Mn35Sn15 is studied at macroscopic and atomic scale levels. We show that both the structural and magnetic properties of the alloy are very sensitive to slight microstructural distortions. Even though no atomic disorder is induced by milling, the antiphase boundaries linked to dislocations promote the antiferromagnetic coupling of Mn, resulting in a significant decrease in the saturation magnetization. On the other hand, the temperature range of the transformation is considerably affected by the mechanically induced local stresses, which in turn does not affect the equilibrium temperature between the austenitic and martensitic phases. Finally, we demonstrate that the recovery of the martensitic transformation is directly related to the intensity of the non-magnetic component revealed by 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy. This result opens the possibility of quantifying the whole contribution of defects and the local stresses on the martensitic transformation in Ni-Mn-Sn alloys.
Open Access
Room temperature huge magnetocaloric properties in low hysteresis ordered Cu-doped Ni-Mn-In-Co alloys
(Elsevier, 2022) La Roca, Paulo Matías; López García, Javier; Sánchez-Alarcos Gómez, Vicente; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Rodríguez Velamazán, José Alberto; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Ciencias; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua, PC017–018 AMELEC
The reduction of the thermal hysteresis in first order magnetostructural transition is a determining factor to decrease energy losses and to improve the efficiency of magnetocaloric cooling based systems. In this work, a Cu doped NiMnInCo metamagnetic shape memory alloy (MMSMA) exhibiting a narrow thermal hysteresis (around 5 K) at room temperature has been designed. In this alloy, the induced L21 ordering process affects the phase stability in an unusual way compared to that observed in NiMnInCo and other NiMn based alloys. This ordering produces an increase in the Curie temperature of the austenite but hardly affects the mar tensitic transformation temperatures. As a consequence, the ordering increases the magnetization of the austenite without changing the transformation temperatures, doubles the sensitivity of the transformation to magnetic fields (the Claussius-Clapeyron slope goes from 2.1 to 3.9 K/T), improves the magnetocaloric effect, the reversibility and finally, enhances the refrigeration capacity. In addition, the magnetic hysteresis losses are among the lowest reported in the literature and the effective cooling capacity coefficient RCeff reaches 86 J/Kg for 2 T (15 % higher than those found in Ni-Mn based alloys) and 314 J/Kg for 6 T fields. Therefore, the ordered alloy possesses an excellent combination of low thermal hysteresis and high RCeff, not achieved previously in metamagnetic shape memory alloys near room temperature.
Open Access
Outstanding role of the magnetic entropy in arrested austenite in an ordered Ni45Mn36.7In13.3Co5 metamagnetic shape memory alloy
(Elsevier, 2019) Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Sánchez-Alarcos Gómez, Vicente; Jiménez Ruiz, M.; Cesari, Eduard; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Ciencias
The relevance of the entropy and in particular the outstanding role of the magnetic contribution is analyzed in a non-equilibrium arrested austenite phase in a Ni 45 Mn 36.7 In 13.3 Co 5 metamagnetic shape memory alloy. The Debye and Bragg-Williams approximations have been used to analyze and quantify the vibrational and magnetic contributions respectively, to the total entropy change linked to the martensitic transformation. The sign on the entropy change associated to the forward austenite to martensite transformation is different depending on whether it occurs at low or at high temperature as a consequence of the different vibrational and magnetic contributions.
Open Access
Martensitic transformation controlled by electromagnetic field: from experimental evidence to wireless actuator applications
(Elsevier, 2022) Garayo Urabayen, Eneko; La Roca, Paulo Matías; Gómez Polo, Cristina; Sánchez-Alarcos Gómez, Vicente; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Ciencias; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
Mechanical actuators based on shape memory alloys (SMA) are becoming a key component in the development of novel soft robotic applications and surgically implantable devices. Their working principle relies in the temperature induced martensitic transformation (MT), which is responsible of the actuation mechanism. In this work, we found experimental evidence to show that the martensitic transformation can be controlled by electromagnetic field (EF) by a wireless process in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys. It is shown that the martensitic transformation can be driven by an external EF (frequency 45 kHz) while the specific absorption rate (SAR), which was determined through real-time dynamic magnetization measurements, allows the instantaneous monitoring of the transformation evolution. On the basis of the obtained results, we propose a strategy to achieve a battery-free wireless SMA actuator that can be remotely controlled. This concept can be applicable to other SMA material that exhibit a similar magneto-structural phase transition