Open Access
Magnetic binary encoding system based on 3D printing and GMI detection prototype
(Elsevier, 2022) Beato López, Juan Jesús; Algueta-Miguel, Jose M.; Galarreta Rodríguez, Itziar; López Ortega, Alberto; Garayo Urabayen, Eneko; Gómez Polo, Cristina; Aresti Bartolomé, Maite; Soria Picón, Eneko; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Ciencias; Zientziak; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
In this work, the feasibility of a magnetic binary encoding system using 3D printing technology is analyzed. The study has a double interest, that is, the possibility of printing a 3D piece that contains the codified information and the development of a system for its decoding. For this purpose, magnetic nanoparticles (magnetite Fe3O4) were embedded in a polymeric matrix of Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL). Similar to a conventional barcode, a rectangular piece with an alternating pattern of strips with absence (only polymer) and a 5 wt% of embedded magnetic nanoparticles was 3D printed employing the Fused Deposition Modelling tech- nique (FDM). The information was decoded by means of a Giant Magnetoimpedance (GMI) sensor-based pro- totype, by scanning the surface of the piece and measuring the changes in the magnetic field. As sensor nucleus, an amorphous soft magnetic wire of nominal composition (Co0.94 Fe0.06)72.5 Si12.5 B15 was employed. The decoding prototype incorporates a homemade electronic sensor interface that permits, at the time, the GMI sensor excitation and the subsequent signal conditioning to optimize its response. The output signal enables the detection of the magnetite nanoparticles and the magnetic decoding of the encoded information (“1” and “0”, presence or absence of the magnetic nanoparticles, respectively).
Open Access
Giant stress-impedance (GSI) sensor for diameter evaluation incylindrical elements
(Elsevier, 2018-01-01) Beato López, Juan Jesús; Vargas Silva, Gustavo Adolfo; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Gómez Polo, Cristina; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Ciencias; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
In this work, a magnetoelastic sensor to detect the micrometer diameter variations of cylindrical elements is analyzed. A nearly zero magnetostrictive amorphous ribbon with nominal composition (Co₀.₉₃Fe₀․₀₇)₇₅Si₁₂․₅B₁₂․₅ was selected as sensor nucleus. The sensor, based on Giant Stress-Impedance (GSI), is attached (glued) along the external perimeter of the cylindrical element. Changes in the cylindrical diameter, DM, induce effective tensile stresses, S, on the ribbon, giving rise to sensitive changes in the high frequency impedance, Z. The sensor response is analyzed in terms of the relationship between the induced strains and the diameter variations, where the effect of geometrical factors (cylinder diameter and sample length) is taken into account. The results indicate that although the maximum GSI ratio depends on the pre-induced bending stresses associated to the cylindrical configuration, the sample length plays the dominant role in the sensor sensitivity. The proposed device enables to monitor the micrometric diameter variation in cylindrical elements, with a maximum strain gauge factor (GF≈-80) for low induced strains.
Open Access
Changes in the crystalline degree in neutron irradiated EPDM viewed through infrared spectroscopy and inelastic neutron scattering
(Rede Latino-Americana de Materiais, 2018) Lambri, Osvaldo Agustín; Giordano, E. D.; Bonifacich, Federico Guillermo; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Física; Fisika; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
The changes in the degree of crystallinity in commercial Ethylene Propylene Diene rubber-type M (EPDM) irradiated with neutrons at different doses has been studied by means of inelastic neutron scattering and infrared absorption spectroscopy experiments. EPDM samples were taken from the housing of non-ceramic electrical insulators which are used in outdoor transmission lines of 66 kV. Inelastic neutron scattering spectra were recorded at 5 K with an accessible energy-transfer range between 180 - 3500 cm-1. Infrared studies were performed at room temperature with an energy transfer between 4000 - 400 cm-1. Controlled neutron irradiation allows to obtain different volume fraction and size of crystalline zones in EPDM. The obtained results are discussed and correlated with studies of differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy from where the changes in crystallinity in EPDM were indirectly studied. Inelastic neutron scattering studies were not appropriate for determining the changes in the crystallinity degree in neutron irradiated commercial EPDM. In contrast, from infrared absorption spectroscopy the changes in crystallinity could be determined successfully.
Embargo
Boosting Li-S batteries through the synergistic effect of recycled ferrites and external magnetic induction
(Elsevier, 2025-02-01) Bonilla, Álvaro; Jiménez Blasco, Uxua; Gómez-Cámer, Juan Luis; Garayo Urabayen, Eneko; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Caballero, Álvaro; Ciencias; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua, PC003-04 3D-MAGNET
Despite being considered one of the most promising energy storage technologies, lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are limited in terms of commercialization by the shuttle effect and slow reaction kinetics. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time that the use of recycled ferrite in conjunction with an external magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet can enhance the reaction kinetics and the adsorption of polysulfides (LiPSs), and hence the electrochemical stability. An in-depth kinetic study shows that under the effect of an external magnetic field, the electrode has lower polarization, a higher Li+ diffusion coefficient and a lower activation energy between electrochemical stages. The electrode also has a capacity retention up to 40 % higher and half the capacity loss per cycle at a high rate of 1C. At an ultra-high rate of 10C, the electrode has a capacity of 507 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles and an areal capacity of up to 3 mAh cm−2 at an ultra-high loading of 13 mg cm−2. In addition to the promising results observed in electrochemical terms, our approach is also more sustainable due to the use of a recycled electronic material obtained via dry milling, thereby avoiding the use of fossil carbons.
Open Access
Low field magnetic and thermal hysteresis in antiferromagnetic dysprosium
(MDPI, 2017) Liubimova, Iuliia; Corró Moyá, Miguel; Torrens Serra, Joan; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Kustov, Sergey; Física; Fisika
Magnetic and thermal hysteresis (difference in magnetic properties on cooling and heating) have been studied in polycrystalline Dy (dysprosium) between 80 and 250 K using measurements of the reversible Villari effect and alternating current (AC) susceptibility. We argue that measurement of the reversible Villari effect in the antiferromagnetic phase is a more sensitive method to detect magnetic hysteresis than the registration of conventional B(H) loops. We found that the Villari point, recently reported in the antiferromagnetic phase of Dy at 166 K, controls the essential features of magnetic hysteresis and AC susceptibility on heating from the ferromagnetic state: (i) thermal hysteresis in AC susceptibility and in the reversible Villari effect disappears abruptly at the temperature of the Villari point; (ii) the imaginary part of AC susceptibility is strongly frequency dependent, but only up to the temperature of the Villari point; (iii) the imaginary part of the susceptibility drops sharply also at the Villari point. We attribute these effects observed at the Villari point to the disappearance of the residual ferromagnetic phase. The strong influence of the Villari point on several magnetic properties allows this temperature to be ranked almost as important as the Curie and Néel temperatures in Dy and likely also for other rare earth elements and their alloys.
Open Access
Fe3O4-SiO2 mesoporous core/shell nanoparticles for magnetic field-induced ibuprofen-controlled release
(American Chemical Society, 2022-12-23) García Rodríguez, Lucía; Garayo Urabayen, Eneko; López Ortega, Alberto; Galarreta Rodríguez, Itziar; Cervera Gabalda, Laura María; Cruz Quesada, Guillermo; Cornejo Ibergallartu, Alfonso; Garrido Segovia, Julián José; Gómez Polo, Cristina; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Ciencias; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, PJUPNA2020; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
Hybrid magnetic nanoparticles made up of an iron oxide, Fe3O4, core and a mesoporous SiO2 shell with high magnetization and a large surface area were proposed as an efficient drug delivery platform. The core/shell structure was synthesized by two seed-mediated growth steps combining solvothermal and sol—gel approaches and using organic molecules as a porous scaffolding template. The system presents a mean particle diameter of 30(5) nm (9 nm magnetic core diameter and 10 nm silica shell thickness) with superparamagnetic behavior, saturation magnetization of 32 emu/g, and a significant AC magnetic-field-induced heating response (SAR = 63 W/gFe3O4, measured at an amplitude of 400 Oe and a frequency of 307 kHz). Using ibuprofen as a model drug, the specific surface area (231 m2/g) of the porous structure exhibits a high molecule loading capacity (10 wt %), and controlled drug release efficiency (67%) can be achieved using the external AC magnetic field for short time periods (5 min), showing faster and higher drug desorption compared to that of similar stimulus-responsive iron oxide-based nanocarriers. In addition, it is demonstrated that the magnetic field-induced drug release shows higher efficiency compared to that of the sustained release at fixed temperatures (47 and 53% for 37 and 42 °C, respectively), considering that the maximum temperature reached during the exposure to the magnetic field is well below (31 °C). Therefore, it can be hypothesized that short periods of exposure to the oscillating field induce much greater heating within the nanoparticles than in the external solution.
Open Access
Analysis of the strain misfit between matrix and inclusions in a magnetically tunable composite
(Elsevier, 2021) Bonifacich, Federico Guillermo; Lambri, Osvaldo Agustín; Lambri, Fernando Daniel; Bozzano, P. B.; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Sánchez-Alarcos Gómez, Vicente; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Ciencias; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
A magnetically tunable composite has been elaborated by embedding microparticles of a metamagnetic shape memory alloy on a photo curable resin. The strain misfit between the polymeric matrix and the inclusions has been analysed within Eshelby formalism. Results show the non-appearance of active microcracks at the interfaces where strains are induced by the martensitic transformation in the microparticles. Even though the martensitic transformation is well detected, the values of misfit β coefficient indicate that the matrix accommodates all the stresses induced by the inclusions. A stable surface interaction between particles and matrix is also confirmed during thermal cycles. It is also demonstrated that the damping capacity of the composites can be tuned by combining oscillating strain, fillers content and magnetic field. The proposed model could be applied to analyse the mechanical stability in polymer matrix composites in which fillers undergo a first order transition with volume change and associated deformation.
Open Access
Influence of defects on the irreversible phase transition in the Fe-Pd doped with Co and Mn
(Rede Latino-Americana de Materiais, 2018) Bonifacich, Federico Guillermo; Lambri, Osvaldo Agustín; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Recarte Callado, Vicente; Sánchez-Alarcos Gómez, Vicente; Fisika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Física; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
The appearance of BCT martensite in Fe-Pd-based ferromagnetic shape memory alloys, which develops at lower temperatures than the thermoelastic martensitic transition, deteriorates the shape memory properties. In a previous work performed in Fe70Pd30, it was shown that a reduction in defects density reduces the non thermoelastic FCT-BCT transformation temperature. In the present work, the influence of quenched-in-defects upon the intensity and temperature of the thermoelastic martensitic (FCC-FCT) and the non thermoelastic (FCT-BCT) transitions in Fe-Pd doped with Co and Mn is studied. Differential scanning calorimetric and mechanical spectroscopy studies demonstrate that a reduction in the dislocation density the stability range of the FCC-FCT reversible transformation in Fe67Pd30Co3 and Fe66.8Pd30.7Mn2.5 ferromagnetic shape memory alloys.
Open Access
Study of optical fiber sensors for cryogenic temperature measurements
(MDPI, 2017) Miguel Soto, Verónica de; Leandro González, Daniel; López Aldaba, Aitor; Beato López, Juan Jesús; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Auguste, Jean-Louis; Jamier, Raphael; Roy, Philippe; López-Amo Sáinz, Manuel; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa; Fisika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Física; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
In this work, the performance of five different fiber optic sensors at cryogenic temperatures has been analyzed. A photonic crystal fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer, two Sagnac interferometers, a commercial fiber Bragg grating (FBG), and a -phase shifted fiber Bragg grating interrogated in In this work, the performance of five different fiber optic sensors at cryogenic temperatures has been analyzed. A photonic crystal fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer, two Sagnac interferometers, a commercial fiber Bragg grating (FBG), and a π-phase shifted fiber Bragg grating interrogated in a random distributed feedback fiber laser have been studied. Their sensitivities and resolutions as sensors for cryogenic temperatures have been compared regarding their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, the results have been compared with the given by a commercial optical backscatter reflectometer that allowed for distributed temperature measurements of a single mode fiber.
Open Access
Calibrating lower-middle Miocene mammal faunas and unravelling climate change during the Miocene Climate Optimum: the Bardenas Reales de Navarra record (Ebro basin, NE Iberian Peninsula)
(Springer, 2024-10-22) Larrasoaña, Juan Cruz; Suárez-Hernando, Oier; Beamud, Elisabet; Garcés, Miguel; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Gómez Polo, Cristina; Ruiz-Sánchez, Francisco Javier; Mata, María Pilar; Murelaga, Xabier; Ciencias; Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
The chronology of lower Miocene Iberian small mammal faunas is still poorly constrained given the scarcity of well dated sedimentary successions including small mammal fossil localities. Such scarcity has prevented also an accurate understanding of the response of European terrestrial ecosystem to global changes across the Miocene climate optimum (MCO), one of the best analogues of present-day global warming. Here we present an updated fossil small mammal record of the Bardenas Reales de Navarra (western Ebro basin, Spain), where an expanded lower to middle Miocene continental succession is superbly exposed. Previous and new magnetostratigraphic results from this succession have enabled us to propose, along with additional magnetostratigraphically-dated Iberian faunas, a new chronology for local zones Y to D (Mammal Neogene zones MN2 to MN5). In addition to that, the studied small mammal faunas point to a gradual increase in temperature and humidity conditions in SW Europe between 20 and 15.5 Ma, which appears to be coupled with the progressive shift towards warmer regional (Atlantic) and global conditions across the MCO, thereby pointing to gradual changes in oceanic circulation as the main driver of this period of global warmth. The evolution of sedimentary facies appears to indicate a threshold response of the Ebro basin hydrological balance to the MCO, whereas pedogenic formation of magnetic minerals seems to be linked to periods of enhanced climate variability. These results highlight the need of combining different paleoenvironmental indicators in order to obtain a reliable view of the response of continental ecosystems to global warming.