Open Access
Synthesis of rectangular waveguide filters with smooth profile oriented to direct metal additive manufacturing
(IEEE, 2023) Percaz Ciriza, Jon Mikel; Hussain, Jabir; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Benito Pertusa, David; Martín Iglesias, Petronilo; Arnedo Gil, Israel; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
In this paper, a novel design method for rectangular waveguide filters intended for fabrication using direct metal additive manufacturing is proposed. The synthesized filters will feature a smooth profile that allows us to fabricate them orienting the filter propagation axis in the vertical building direction, achieving an optimum configuration for direct metal additive manufacturing fabrication. The novel design method is valid for any all-pole transfer function, which is initially implemented with a commensurate-line distributed unit element prototype. The impulse response of that initial prototype is then properly interpolated to obtain the target response for a smooth-profiled filter with similar length and profile excursion. Finally, the target impulse response just generated is implemented in rectangular waveguide technology employing a novel inverse scattering synthesis technique that relies on the coupled-mode theory to model the electromagnetic behavior of the waveguide filter. The novel inverse scattering synthesis technique is general and also valid for the case of filters with very high rejection levels, which is of great relevance in rectangular waveguide technology. A Ku-band low-pass filter with stringent satellite specifications is designed using the proposed method, fabricated by means of a direct metal additive manufacturing technique, and measured with a vector network analyzer. A very good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured results, fulfilling the required specifications and demonstrating the feasibility and performance of the novel design method.
Open Access
Metal 3D printing for RF/microwave high-frequency parts
(Springer, 2022) Martín Iglesias, Petronilo; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Marechal, M.; Calves, P.; Hazard, M.; Pambaguian, L.; Brandao, A.; Rodríguez Castillo, S.; Martin, T.; Percaz Ciriza, Jon Mikel; Iza, V.; Martín-Iglesias, Santiago; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
Space Systems have been historically characterised by high performance, high reliability and high cost. Every new generation of space systems tends to improve performance, keep as much as possible reliability, speeding the lead time and lower the cost. Aggressive approach is nowadays followed by some of the players of the new space ecosystem where, for instance, reli- ability can be relaxed thanks for the in-orbit redundancy or robustness to failures by having a constellation with a high number of satellites. This push towards the technology and system limit requires to investigate new methods for the manufacturing of RF/Microwave parts. RF devices such as those based on waveguide structures, benefit from an additive manufacturing approach in terms of radio frequency (RF) performance and compactness. However each manufacturing approach comes with specific features and limitations which need to be well understood and, in some cases, even taking advantage of them. This paper provides a short review of some of the RF/Microwave parts already manufactured using this technology. The paper will focus mainly on metal 3D printing parts since this technology is, at the moment, well accepted by the space community.
Open Access
Compact harmonic rejection filter for C-band high-power satellite applications
(IEEE, 2020) Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Martín Iglesias, Petronilo; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Arnedo Gil, Israel; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
A compact high-power low-pass filter for C-band broadband satellite applications is presented in this paper. The filter is composed of three different sections. A 9th-order compact high-power multi-ridge structure achieves the fundamental mode stopband and the suppression of all-higher order modes. The required slope between the pass- and the stopband is accomplished by means of two step-shaped bandstop elements separated by very short waveguide sections. The passband of the filter is achieved through two compact matching networks. The filter is only 164-mm long, has less than 0.05 dB of insertion loss, handles 9.6 kW (single-carrier multipactor analysis), and has a very wide stopband (up to Ku-band). A dramatic size reduction has been achieved with respect to other commercially available solutions.
Open Access
Synthesis of one dimensional electromagnetic bandgap structures with fully controlled parameters
(IEEE, 2017) Arnedo Gil, Israel; Chudzik, Magdalena; Percaz Ciriza, Jon Mikel; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Benito Pertusa, David; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
In this paper, we propose a novel synthesis strategy for the design of one dimensional electromagnetic bandgap (1- D-EBG) structures where all the performance parameters of these devices can fully be controlled, i.e., the central frequency of the forbidden band, its attenuation level and bandwidth, and the ripple level at the passbands. The novel synthesis strategy employs a new inverse-scattering technique to accurately synthesize the 1-D-EBG structure, targeting a properly interpolated version of a classical periodic filter fulfilling the required frequency specifications. The new inverse-scattering technique follows a continuous layer peeling approach and relies on the coupled-mode theory to precisely model the microwave structures. Telecommunication and radar systems, as well as material characterization devices, will be profited by this proposal with which enhanced filters, sensors, power dividers, couplers, mixers, oscillators, and amplifiers can be designed in many different technologies. As a proof of concept, a 1-D-EBG structure in microstrip technology with a single forbidden band (free of spurious stopband replicas), with attenuation level of 30 dB, fractional bandwidth larger than 100%, and return loss level at the passbands of 20 dB, has been designed and fabricated. The measurements obtained are in very good agreement with the simulations and target specifications, being free of spurious replicas up to the 15th harmonic, showing the robustness and very good performance of the novel design strategy proposed.
Open Access
Passive microwave component design using inverse scattering: theory and applications
(Hindawi, 2013) Arnedo Gil, Israel; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Chudzik, Magdalena; Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Lujambio Genua, Aintzane; Benito Pertusa, David; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
We briefly review different synthesis techniques for the design of passive microwave components with arbitrary frequency response, developed by our group during the last decade. We provide the theoretical foundations based on inverse scattering and coupledmode theory as well as several applications where the devices designed following those techniques have been successfully tested. The main characteristics of these synthesis methods are as follows. (a) They are direct, because it is not necessary to use lumpedelement circuit models; just the target frequency response is the starting point. (b)They are exact, as there is neither spurious bands nor degradation in the frequency response; hence, there is no bandwidth limitation. (c) They are flexible, because they are valid for any causal, stable, and passive transfer function; only inviolable physical principles must be guaranteed. A myriad of examples has been presented by our group in many different technologies for very relevant applications such as harmonic control of amplifiers, directional couplerwith enhanced directivity and coupling, transmission-type dispersive delay lines for phase engineering, compact design of high-power spurious free low-pass waveguide filters for satellite payloads, pulse shapers for advanced UWB radar and communications and for novel breast cancer detection systems, transmission-type Nth-order differentiators for tunable pulse generation, and a robust filter design tool.
Restricted
Identificación de sinusoidales no estacionarias para descomposición de audio y detección de PItCH
(2009) Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Zivanovic, Miroslav; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales y de Telecomunicación; Telekomunikazio eta Industria Ingeniarien Goi Mailako Eskola Teknikoa; Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa
Open Access
Robust tolerance design of bandpass filter with improved frequency response for Q-band satellite applications
(IEEE, 2021) Sami, Abdul; Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Miranda Santafé, Luis; Arnedo Gil, Israel; Martín Iglesias, Petronilo; Benito Pertusa, David; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
A rectangular waveguide bandpass filter for Q-band with simple fabrication is proposed in this letter. The design is based on the use of the first passband replica of commensurate-line stepped-impedance structures and achieves the suppression of their inherent low-pass response. In order to do it, the filter is implemented by rectangular waveguide sections with different widths and heights that can be analytically calculated. The technique is validated by a 9th order Chebyshev filter with passband between 40 and 43 GHz and fabrication yield equal to 84 % for a manufacturing error of ± 20 μm. The measured results of the prototype fabricated with CNC milling are in good agreement with the simulated ones.
Open Access
Design procedure for new compact waffle-iron ilters with transmission zeros
(IEEE, 2018) Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Percaz Ciriza, Jon Mikel; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Martín Iglesias, Petronilo; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Arnedo Gil, Israel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
In this paper, a novel waffle-iron filter with transmission zeros at multiple frequencies, along with its design procedure, is presented. The proposed filter features a high-power behavior and a wide rejected band in a single compact structure by means of a set of transmission zeros that can also be placed close to the passband. Its design method rests on a divide-and-rule strategy, where the physical dimensions of the constituent design entities (DEs) can be easily computed in a very short time. A novel high-power compact waffle-iron filter with transmission zeros at multiple frequencies has been designed as well as several classical waffle-iron filters with transmission zeros at one frequency only, using a detailed step-by-step procedure which avoids the bruteforce optimizations needed until now. Multipactor and corona simulations have been conducted proving a high-power handling capability of 1.8 kW and 78.6 W, respectively. A prototype of the novel filter has been fabricated, obtaining a remarkable accordance between the simulated and measured results.
Open Access
High-power filter design in waveguide technology: future generation of waveguide satellite filters in payloads handling increasing bit rates and numbers of channels
(IEEE, 2020) Arregui Padilla, Iván; Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Arnedo Gil, Israel; Percaz Ciriza, Jon Mikel; Martín Iglesias, Petronilo; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
To design a filter for a particular application, many issues must first be considered. Which technology will be the most convenient? What design technique will provide better results for a particular set of frequency specifications? Once the device has been designed, will it fulfill all of the (not only electrical) requirements? It is not always easy to answer such questions in advance. In this article, we try to shed some light on these questions when our aim is the design of filters for high-power operation.
Open Access
The Canfranc Axion Detection Experiment (CADEx): search for axions at 90 GHz with Kinetic Inductance Detectors
(IOP Publishing, 2022) Aja, Beatriz; Arguedas Cuendis, Sergio; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Artal, Eduardo; Barreiro, R. Belén; Casas, Francisco J.; Ory, Marina C. de; Díaz-Morcillo, Alejandro; Fuente, Luisa de la; Gallego, Juan Daniel; García-Barceló, José María; Gimeno, Benito; Gómez, Alicia; Granados, Daniel; Kavanagh, Bradley J.; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Lozano-Guerrero, Antonio José; Magaz, María T.; Martín-Pintado, Jesús; Martínez-González, Enrique; Miralda-Escudé, Jordi; Monzó-Cabrera, Juan; Najarro de la Parra, Francisco; Navarro-Madrid, José R.; Nuñez Chico, Ana B.; Pascual, Juan Pablo; Pelegrin, Jorge; Peña Garay, Carlos; Rodríguez, David; Socuéllamos, Juan M.; Teberio Berdún, Fernando; Teniente Vallinas, Jorge; Vielva, Patricio; Vila, Iván; Vilar, Rocío; Villa, Enrique; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren
We propose a novel experiment, the Canfranc Axion Detection Experiment (CADEx), to probe dark matter axions with masses in the range 330–460 μeV, within the W-band (80–110 GHz), an unexplored parameter space in the well-motivated dark matter window of Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD) axions. The experimental design consists of a microwave resonant cavity haloscope in a high static magnetic field coupled to a highly sensitive detecting system based on Kinetic Inductance Detectors via optimized quasi-optics (horns and mirrors). The experiment is in preparation and will be installed in the dilution refrigerator of the Canfranc Underground Laboratory. Sensitivity forecasts for axion detection with CADEx, together with the potential of the experiment to search for dark photons, are presented.