Caballero Murillo, Primitivo
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Caballero Murillo
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Primitivo
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Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación
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IMAB. Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Applied Biology
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Publication Open Access Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt proteins as enablers of activity of Cry and Tpp toxins against Aedes albopictus(2023) Lai, Liliana; Villanueva, Maite; Muruzabal Galarza, Ane; Fernández González, Ana Beatriz; Unzue Pozas, Argiñe; Toledo Arana, Alejandro; Caballero Murillo, Primitivo; Caballero Sánchez, Carlos; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMABAedes albopictus is a species of mosquito, originally from Southeast Asia, that belongs to the Culicidae family and the Dipteran insect order. The distribution of this vector has rapidly changed over the past decade, making most of the temperate territories in the world vulnerable to important human vector-borne diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, zika or chikungunya. Bacillus thuringiensis var. israeliensis (Bti)-based insecticides represent a realistic alternative to the most common synthetic insecticides for the control of mosquito larvae. However, several studies have revealed emerging resistances to the major Bti Crystal proteins such as Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba and Cry11Aa, making the finding of new toxins necessary to diminish the exposure to the same toxicity factors overtime. Here, we characterized the individual activity of Cyt1Aa, Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba and Cry11Aa against A. albopictus and found a new protein, Cyt1A-like, that increases the activity of Cry11Aa more than 20-fold. Additionally, we demonstrated that Cyt1A-like facilitates the activity three new Bti toxins: Cry53-like, Cry56A-like and Tpp36-like. All in all, these results provide alternatives to the currently available Bti products for the control of mosquito populations and position Cyt proteins as enablers of activity for otherwise non-active crystal proteins.Publication Open Access Bacillus thuringiensis toxins: an overview of their biocidal activity(MDPI, 2014) Palma Dovis, Leopoldo; Muñoz Labiano, Delia; Berry, Colin; Murillo Martínez, Jesús; Caballero Murillo, Primitivo; Nekazaritza Ekoizpena; Producción Agraria; IdAB. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología / Agrobioteknologiako InstitutuaBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram positive, spore-forming bacterium that synthesizes parasporal crystalline inclusions containing Cry and Cyt proteins, some of which are toxic against a wide range of insect orders, nematodes and human-cancer cells. These toxins have been successfully used as bioinsecticides against caterpillars, beetles, and flies, including mosquitoes and blackflies. Bt also synthesizes insecticidal proteins during the vegetative growth phase, which are subsequently secreted into the growth medium. These proteins are commonly known as vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips) and hold insecticidal activity against lepidopteran, coleopteran and some homopteran pests. A less well characterized secretory protein with no amino acid similarity to Vip proteins has shown insecticidal activity against coleopteran pests and is termed Sip (secreted insecticidal protein). Bin-like and ETX_MTX2-family proteins (Pfam PF03318), which share amino acid similarities with mosquitocidal binary (Bin) and Mtx2 toxins, respectively, from Lysinibacillus sphaericus, are also produced by some Bt strains. In addition, vast numbers of Bt isolates naturally present in the soil and the phylloplane also synthesize crystal proteins whose biological activity is still unknown. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the known active Bt toxins to date and discuss their activities.